Missed Approach, a Safety-Critical Go-Around Procedure in Aviation: Prediction Based on Machine Learning-Ensemble Imbalance Learning

Algorithm 4

Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM).

	Input: Training data: , loss function: , iterations: , ratio of big gradient data sampling: , ratio of slight gradient data sampling:
(1)	Using FEB approach, combine the factors that are mutually exclusive the factors, i.e., they never concurrently accept nonzero values
(2)	Set ,
(3)	fordo
(4)	Compute the absolute value of gradient ,
(5)	The data set is resampled by using GOSS approach
(i)	; ,
(ii)	,
(iii)	,
(iv)	,
(v)
(6)	The Information Gains (IG) are computed: ,
(7)	New decision tree is developed on set
(8)	Update ,
(9)	End for
(10)	Return,