Effect of Silicon, Titanium, and Zirconium Ion Implantation on NiTi Biocompatibility

Figure 5

Optical images of the NiTi specimen surface after different types of treatment (Table 1): chemical etching with subsequent electropolishing (a)-(b), high-luster mechanical polishing with subsequent electropolishing (c)-(d), and ion modifications of the NiTi-B specimens with Zr ions (e), Ti ions (f), and Si ions (g) of fluence (in all cases) 𝐷 = 2 × 10¹⁷ cm⁻².

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)