Effect of Laser Welding Parameters on Formation of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Welds

Figure 5

Influence of defocus amount on cross-section morphologies of welded seam. (𝑃=1610 W; 𝑉=1.5 m/min; 𝑈_𝑓= 15 L/min).

(a) Δ𝑍= −3 mm

(b) Δ𝑍= −2 mm

(c) Δ𝑍= −1 mm

(d) Δ𝑍= 0 mm

(e) Δ𝑍= +1 mm

(f) Δ𝑍= +2 mm

(g) Δ𝑍= +3 mm