A Review of Additive Mixed-Electric Discharge Machining: Current Status and Future Perspectives for Surface Modification of Biomedical Implants
Table 6
Critical review of recent development of material deposition and surface treatment of metallic implant through AM-EDM.
Electrodes combination
Powder type/conc.
Deposited layers
Findings
Refs.
Grade IV Ti/Ti
Ti/3 & 6 g/L
(i) TiO (ii) Recast layers
(i) With 3 g/l microcracks observed and disappeared when using 6 g/l of Ti (ii) Recast layer thickness increases with increase in current duration and Ti powder concentration (iii) Hydrophilic surface good for dental implant was observed
(i) EDMed surface hardness twice the pure sample (ii) 4 g/L of Si powder produces thin recast layer (iii) A nanoporous, bioactive and biocompatible surface achieved
(i) AM-EDM can be used as alternative for HA reach layer deposition on the substrate (ii) AM-EDM produces biocompatible coating for medical applications
(i) RLT layer reduced with 6 g/L of surfactant which becomes evenly distributed with 10 g/L of Gr (ii) Less microcracks were also observed (iii) Surfactant inhibit a powerful material migration