Risk Factors for Anemia among Brazilian Infants from the 2006 National Demographic Health Survey

Table 1

Averages and prevalence of the characteristics of children younger than 24 months old who participated in the Brazilian National Survey on Demography and the Health of Women and Children (PNDS 2006), with their respective confidence intervals (CI 95%).

Characteristics (continuous variables)	𝑁	𝜇	(CI 95%)	Characteristics (categorical variables)	𝑁	P	(CI 95%)
Age (months)	1,382	11.6	(10.9; 12.4)	Urban residence area	1,382	80.0	(76.0; 84.0)
Maternal education (years)	1,357	6.7	(6.3; 7.2)	Receiving a basic-needs grocery package	1,381	7.8	(4.6; 10.2)
Paternal education (years)	1,308	8.3	(7.7; 8.9)	Eating any meat in the past week	1,363	58.3	(53.2; 63.3)
Home accommodations	1,381	5.0	(4.8; 5.2)	Eating liver in the past week	1,363	18.4	(15.0; 21.7)
Maternal age (years)	1,382	25.1	(24.5; 25.8)	Not having eaten anything in the past 24 hours	1,380	1.8	(0.4; 3.2)
Per capita family income (R$)	1,321	258.1	(222.7; 293.4)	No maternal conjugal stability	1,382	15.5	(11.5; 19.6)
Exclusive breastfeeding (days)	1,200	97.8	(89.1; 105.5)	Ideal exclusive breastfeeding according to age	1,200	30.5	(25.7; 35.3)
Hemoglobin level (g/dL)	1,382	11.7	(11.6; 11.8)	One or more siblings <5 years	1,382	34.9	(30.2; 39.4)
Retinol serum level (μmol/L)	1,365	1.10	(1.05; 1.15)	Use of oral iron supplements	1,372	32.8	(28.1; 37.4)
𝑍-score indicator weight for age	1,358	0.12	(0.01; 0.22)	Fever in the past 2 weeks	1,380	25.5	(21.4; 29.6)
𝑍-score indicator height for age	1,336	−0.25	(−0.40; −0.10)	Cough in the past 2 weeks	1,381	33.6	(28.9; 38.3)
𝑍-score indicator weight for height	1,358	0.12	(0.01; 0.22)	Hospitalisation in the past 12 months	1,382	13.8	(9.8; 17.9)
Weight at birth (kilos)	1,348	3.28	(3.23; 3.33)	Male sex	1,382	55.2	(50.4; 60.0)

μ: average; P: prevalence; CI: confidence interval; R$: reals (Brazilian currency).