Presence and Characterisation of Anaemia in Diabetic Foot Ulceration

Table 2

Nonanaemic and anaemic patients initial and three-month follow-up haematological, renal, and inflammatory markers.

Markers	Initial					Three-month followup
	Nonanaemic patients		Anaemic patients		Two-tailed; 𝑃 value	Nonanaemic patients		Anaemic patients		Two-tailed; 𝑃 Value
	Median values	Range	Median values	Range		Median values	Range	Median values	Range
White blood cell count; ×10^9/L	8.19	6.28–12.78	7.85	4.74–17.05	ns; 0.6448	8.70	7.67–18.42	6.87	5.51–12.78	ns; 0.2743
Creatinine; umol/L	83.0	61.0–234.0	94.0	46.0–364.0	ns; 0.6041	86.5	70.0–288.0	109.0	48.0–472.0	ns; 0.7618
eGFR; mL/min/1.73 sqm	84.0	57.0–90.0	64.5	15.0–90.0	ns; 0.1572	78.5	54.0–90.0	59.0	12.0–90.0	ns; 0.3536
C-reactive protein (CRP); mg/L	1.70	1.2–49.0	4.50	0.6–84.6	ns; 0.4734	8.65	0.6–144.0	3.70	0.6–59.4	ns; 0.5596
Erythrocyte sedimentation; rate (ESR) mm/hr	5.5	4.0–28.0	14.0	8.0–119.0	**; 0.0065	20.0	16.0–20.0	24.0	13.0–86.0	ns; 0.5000

Definition of anaemia: Hb < 12 g/dL. Normal hospital laboratory reference ranges: white blood cell count 3–10 × 10⁹/L; creatinine 66–112 umol/L; CRP 0–50 mg/L; ESR 1–20 mm/hr. Mann-Whitney 𝑡-test applied for comparisons of white blood cell count, creatinine, CRP, and ESR. Unpaired 𝑡-test with Welsh correction applied for comparisons of eGFR. **Two-tailed 𝑃<0.05.