Determinants of Anemia among Pregnant Women at Public Hospitals in West Shewa, Central Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

Table 3

Hygiene and sanitation-related characteristics of pregnant women attending ANC care at public hospitals of West Shewa zone from February to April 2019.

Variables	Cases: n = 142 (%)	Controls: n = 284 (%)
Source of drinking water
Tap water	91 (64.1)	215 (75.7)
River water	20 (14.1)	28 (9.9)
Protected spring	15 (10.6)	28 (9.9)
Others	16 (11.3)	13 (4.6)
Presence of latrine
Yes	93 (65.5)	261 (91.9)
No	49 (34.5)	23 (8.11)
Continuous utilization of latrine
Yes	67 (72)	235 (90)
No	26 (28)	26 (10)
Hand washing time
Before meal	134 (94.4)	274 (96.50)
After meal	132 (93)	279 (98.2)
After using the toilet	48 (34)	225 (79.2)
Before preparing food	62 (43.7)	215 (75.7)
After cleaning the bottom of children	20 (14.1)	108 (38)
After touching the bare body of another person	8 (5.6)	52 (18.3)

 = protected well, unprotected well, and unprotected spring.