| | Covariates | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) |
| | Sex of child (ref: male) | | | | | Female | 0.85 (0.78, 0.92) | | 0.84(0.77, 0.92) | | Type of birth (ref: single) | | | | | 1st of multiple | 1.11 (0.80, 1.52) | | 1.15 (0.83, 1.62) | | 2nd of multiple | 1.27 (0.88, 1.82) | | 1.42 (0.97, 2.09) | | Education (ref: no formal education) | | | | | Primary | | 0.97 (0.85, 1.12) | 0.89 (0.76, 1.02) | | Secondary | | 0.82 (0.72, 0.95) | 0.75 (0.65, 0.87) | | Tertiary | | 0.53 (0.43, 0.64) | 0.51 (0.41, 0.62) | | Source of drinking water (ref: improved) | | | | | Unimproved | | 0.99 (0.90, 1.10) | 0.98 (0.89, 1.09) | | Religion (ref: Catholic) | | | | | Christian | | 1.04 (0.90, 1.21) | 1.16 (0.99, 1.37) | | Islamic | | 0.92 (0.79, 1.08) | 1.55 (1.28, 1.86) | | Traditionalist | | 0.49 (0.26, 0.92) | 0.61 (0.32, 1.18) | | no religion | | 1.35 (0.74, 2.46) | 1.19 (0.62, 2.26) | | Wealth index (ref: poorest) | | | | | Poorer | | 0.88 (0.76, 1.02) | 0.86 (0.74, 1.01) | | Middle | | 0.62 (0.54, 0.73)8 | 0.58 (0.49, 0.68) | | Richer | | 0.61 (0.53, 0.73) | 0.55 (0.46, 0.65) | | Richest | | 0.42 (0.35, 0.50) | 0.38 (0.31, 0.46) | | Currently breastfeeding (ref: no) | | | | | Yes | | 1.05 (0.96, 1.15) | 1.07 (0.97, 1.17) | | Total children ever born | | 1.02 (1.00, 1.04) | 1.02 (1.00, 1.04) | | Size of child at birth (ref: very large) | | | | | Larger than average | | 0.99 (0.84, 1.16) | 0.95 (0.81, 1.13) | | Average | | 0.93 (0.80, 1.08) | 0.88 (0.76, 1.02) | | Smaller than average | | 1.06 (0.88, 1.30) | 1.02 (0.83, 1.25) | | Very small | | 1.00 (0.75, 1.35) | 0.92 (0.68, 1.24) | | Do not know | | 1.03 (0.70, 1.52) | 0.89 (0.60, 1.32) | | Child age in month (ref: 6–23) | | | | | 24–41 | | 0.56 (0.50, 0.63) | 0.56 (0.50, 0.63) | | 42–59 | | 0.41 (0.36, 0.45) | 0.40 (0.36, 0.45) | | Ethnicity (ref: ekoi) | | | | | Fulani | | | 0.91 (0.70, 1.18) | | Hausa | | | 0.99 (0.74, 1.32) | | Igbo | | | 0.95 (0.83, 1.11) | | Yoruba | | | 0.96 (0.76, 1.23) | | Place of residence (ref: urban) | | | | | Rural | | | 1.14 (1.02, 1.27) | | Region (ref: north central) | | | | | Northeast | | | 0.76 (0.63, 0.89) | | Northwest | | | 1.87 (1.41, 2.49) | | Southeast | | | 0.87 (1.54, 2.28) | | South-south | | | 1.19 (0.62, 2.26) | | Southwest | | | 1.16 (0.94, 1.43) |
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