Research Article

Statistical Modeling of Determinants of Anemia Prevalence among Children Aged 6–59 Months in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 4

Estimates of multilevel logistic regression model (NDHS 2018).

CovariatesaOR (95% CI)

Sex of child (ref: male)
 Female0.96 (0.94, 0.98)
Type of birth (ref: single)
 1st of multiple1.03 (0.07, 1.107)
 2nd of multiple1.07 (1.00, 1.16)
Education (ref: no formal education)
 Primary0.97 (0.94, 1.01)
 Secondary0.94 (0.91, 0.97)
 Tertiary0.86 (0.82, 0.90)
Source of drinking water (ref: improved)
 Unimproved1.00 (0.98, 1.02)
Religion (ref: catholic)
 Christian1.02 (0.98, 1.06)
 Islamic1.08 (1.04, 1.13)
 Traditionalist0.89 (0.77, 1.03)
 No religion1.07 (0.93, 1.23)
Wealth index (ref: poorest)
 Poorer0.97 (0.94, 1.01)
 Middle0.91 (0.94, 1.01)
 Richer0.89 (0.86, 0.93)
 Richest0.83 (0.79, 0.87)
Currently breastfeeding (ref: no)
 Yes1.01 (0.98, 1.03)
 Total children born1.00 (0.98, 1.03)
Size of child at birth (ref: very large)
 Larger than average0.99 (0.95, 1.02)
 Average0.97 (0.94, 1.01)
 Smaller than average1.00 (0.96, 1.04)
 Very small0.98 (0.92, 1.05)
 Don’t know0.97 (0.89, 1.05)
Child age in month (ref: 6–23)
 24–410.89 (0.87, 0.91)
 42–590.83 (0.81, 0.85)
Ethnicity (ref: ekoi)
 Fulani0.99 (0.93, 1.05)
 Hausa0.99 (0.93, 1.06)
 Igbo0.94 (0.91, 1.03)
 Yoruba0.99 (0.94, 1.05)
Place of residence (ref: urban)
 Rural1.04 (1.01, 1.07)
Region (ref: north central)
 North-east0.93 (0.90, 0.98)
 North-west0.96 (0.92, 1.00)
 South-east1.14 (1.07, 1.22)
 South-south1.13 (1.08, 1.19)
 South-west1.04 (0.98, 1.09)