Preterm Delivery and Neonatal Deaths among Anaemic Pregnant Women in the Bolgatanga Metropolis of Ghana

Table 3

Differences in socioeconomic and obstetric characteristics among mothers with preterm and normal-term delivery (n = 200).

Category	Subcategory	Normal delivery	Preterm delivery	(X^2),
Socioeconomic variables, n (%)
Age	11–20	22 (44.0)	28 (56.0)	3.84, 0.281
	21–30	58 (52.3)	53 (47.7)
	31–40	10 (34.5)	19 (65.5)
	41–50	6 (60.0)	4 (40.0)
Occupational status	Unemployed	11 (35.5)	20 (64.5)	2.30, 0.129
	Employed	85 (50.3)	84 (49.7)
Marital status	No	37 (51.4)	35 (48.6)	0.39, 0.556
	Yes	59 (46.1)	69 (53.9)
Formal education	No	13 (52.0)	12 (48.0)	0.18, 0.669
	Yes	83 (47.4)	92 (52.6)
Clinical and obstetric outcomes, n (%)
Intervention for anaemia	Medical	20 (42.6)	27 (57.4)	0.73, 0.393
	Dietary	76 (49.7)	77 (50.3)
Number of antenatal visits	1–3	9 (32.1)	19 (67.98)	4.32, 0.115
	4–6	72 (49.0)	75 (51.0)
	7–9	15 (60.0)	10 (40.0)
Neonate mortality	No	95 (51.6)	89 (48.4)	12.16, <0.001
	Yes	1 (6.3)	15 (93.8)

n (%): number and proportions. Analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. χ² = Pearson’s chi-square value. significant at <0.05 (2-tailed). For formal education, yes: primary, JHS, SHS, vocational/technical, and tertiary, while no: none. For occupational status, employed: artisans, traders, farmers, civil servants, and others (hairdressers and seamstresses), while unemployed: housewife. For marital status, yes: married, while no: single, divorced, separated, and widow.The significance of the bold values is that the association is significant.