Effect of Kegel Exercises on the Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Figure 3

The results of effects of Kegel exercises.

(a) Subjective assessment of improvement in stress urinary incontinence

(b) Urinary incontinence symptoms by recommended questionnaire

(c) Urinary incontinence episode for 7 days

(d) One-hour pad test on pad test

(e) Standardized bladder volume on pad test

(f) Pelvic floor muscle pressure