Fundamental Issues in Manufacturing Photovoltaic Modules Beyond the Current Generation of Materials

Table 1

Summary of experimental results.

Cell type	Efficiency	Ref.
GaAsNi IBSC	0.18%	[22]
GaAs QD IBSC	No data	[23]
Si cell with quantum dots	5.7–10.6%	[24]
Excitonic PbSe NC	3.4%	[38]
Colloidal PbS QD	6.0%	[39]
PbS NC	4%	[40]
SL GaAs hot carrier	10.9%–11.2%	[41]
MQW GaAs hot carrier	7.1%	[41]
IBSC QD GaAs	9.3%	[42]
Organic solar cell	8.30%	[7]
Dye-sensitized solar cell	10.90%	[7]

QD: quantum dots; SL: super lattice; NC: nanocrystal.