(a) Terrace diffusion

(b) Step diffusion

(c) Kink diffusion

(d) Dimer diffusion

Figure 3: Selected Au diffusion pathways on an Au(100) surface (a) bridge diffusion on a terrace, (b) along a step, (c) kink diffusion, and (d) dimer diffusion. Insets in each figure illustrate the diffusion pathways, where filled circles depict adatoms on an Au(100) surface.