Interrupting Short-Circuit Direct Current Using an AC Circuit Breaker in Series with a Reactor

Table 1

Means of interrupting DC faults.

Method	Commercial technology available	Technical challenges
On AC side by means of conventional AC circuit breakers	Yes	Large and prolonged fault currents due to several AC cycle interruption times. Overrating necessary for generator frequencies above 60 Hz
On DC side by means of electromechanical DC circuit breakers	Yes	Commercial solutions limited to less than 4.5 kV DC
On DC side by means of power electronic switches	No	Additional losses. Development of technology necessary