Self-Collected Specimens Revealed a Higher Vaccine- and Non-Vaccine-Type Human Papillomavirus Prevalences in a Cross-Sectional Study in Akuse
Table 6
Crude odds ratios for the associations between sexual characteristics and positive HPV infections status.
Sexual characteristics
Category
Crude Odds ratio (95% CI), with
Self-collected specimens
Provider-collected specimens
Overall HPV
HR HPV
Multiple HPV
Overall HPV
HR HPV
Multiple HPV
Age (years)
0.96 (0.94–0.99)
0.96 (0.94–0.99)
0.97 (0.94–1.00)
0.99 (0.97–1.02)
1.00 (0.97–1.03)
0.97 (0.92–1.03)
Age at first sexual intercourse (years)
<20
Reference
Reference
≥20
0.64 (0.37–1.09)
0.46 (0.24–0.85)∗
0.60 (0.29–1.22)
1.15 (0.62–2.11)
1.16 (0.59–2.31)
1.05 (0.36–3.01)
Currently have a male sexual partner
No
Reference
Reference
Yes
0.80 (0.38–1.67)
0.62 (0.29–1.35)
0.67 (0.27–1.68)
0.64 (0.29–1.41)
0.79 (0.32–1.96)
2.19 (0.28–17.37)
Lifetime number of sexual partners
1.04 (0.87–1.25)
1.07 (0.88–1.30)
1.14 (0.90–1.45)
1.01 (0.83–1.25)
1.03 (0.82–1.29)
1.12 (0.81–1.55)
Sexual-age (years)^
<11
Reference
Reference
11–19
0.35 (0.18–0.67)∗
0.36 (0.17–0.76)∗
0.22 (0.08–0.58)∗
0.49 (0.22–1.07)
0.62 (0.27–1.46)
0.25 (0.05–1.18)
20–29
0.31 (0.15–0.63)∗
0.38 (0.17–0.84)∗
0.16 (0.05–0.50)∗
0.38 (0.15–0.95)∗
0.33 (0.11–1.02)
0.15 (0.02–1.24)
>29
0.54 (0.23–1.27)
0.65 (0.26–1.63)
0.75 (0.28–2.01)
1.13 (0.45–2.81)
1.27 (0.47–3.42)
0.71 (0.14–3.49)
Contracted STI
No
Reference
Reference
Yes
1.33 (0.79–2.22)
1.34 (0.76–2.3)
1.45 (0.73–2.86)
1.14 (0.63–2.08)
1.15 (0.58–2.27)
0.78 (0.28–2.18)
Condom use
No
Reference
Reference
Yes
1.44 (0.86–2.41)
1.09 (0.62–1.92)
2.03 (1.04–3.98)∗
1.15 (0.63–2.09)
1.08 (0.55–2.12)
1.87 (0.67–5.27)
∗The odds of the association was significant, since the range of 95% CI excludes 1.0. Multivariable analysis (including either the crude significant characteristics or all the characteristics) indicated that all the characteristics were not significantly associated with any of the categories of HPV positivity status, for each of the collection methods (SC and PC). ^ Sexual age is the numbers of years since a woman had her first sexual intercourse.
