Oleander Stem and Root Standardized Extracts Mitigate Acute Hyperglycaemia by Limiting Systemic Oxidative Stress Response in Diabetic Mice

Figure 2

Effects of oleander extracts on the systemic glucose metabolism. The 20 d treatment with NOSE and NORE resulted in the improvement in glucose homeostasis which was otherwise impaired in the alloxanized animals. (a) NOSE and NORE normalized serum insulin level which was associated with systemic glucose load. (b) The elevated insulin resistance, measured by Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) model, was mitigated; however, (c) insulin sensitivity remained unchanged () throughout the treatments as measured by the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) model. (d) Hepatic glycogen level was improved in comparison to T1D group, however not up to the level of control. Data were represented as mean ± SD of six measurements;, , and ^NS compared to control. ^β, ^γ, and ^δ compared to T1D.

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