Molecular Characterization of Copper and Cadmium Resistance Determinants in the Biomining Thermoacidophilic Archaeon Sulfolobus metallicus

Table 2

Proteins upregulated in S. metallicus cells exposed to 100 mM Cu or 1 mM Cd.

Spot	Molecular weight (kDa)	Cu induction levels	Putative function	Microorganism related	Accesion number
1^†	26.6	∞	Proteasome subunit	S. solfataricus	AAK41034
3^†	70.1	∞	Ferredoxin oxidoreductase	S. solfataricus	AAK42926
4^†	42.9	∞	Alcohol dehydrogenase	S. solfataricus	AAK43154
5	35	2.6	Hypothetical protein	S. acidocaldarius	YP_254976
6	27	∞	Hypothetical protein	P. aerophilum	NP_559889
9^†	57	∞	Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase	M. thermautotrophicus	AAB85466
13^†	27	3.4	Unknown	—	—
14	28	∞	Unknown	—	—
15	35	5.5	Unknown	—	—
20^†	46.1	∞	Glutamate dehydrogenase	S. solfataricus	AAK42230
21^†	45	∞	Hypothetical protein	M. acetivorans	NP_618380.1
22	49	∞	Hypothetical protein	P. torridus	YP_022807
23^†	51	∞	ATP synthase subunit B	S. solfataricus	AAK40880
24	58.5	∞	HSP60 subunit	S. shibatae	AAG37273.1
30^†	48	∞	Unknown	—	—
31	16	ND	Unknown	—	—
32	14.4	ND	Putative transcription regulator	S. solfataricus	AAK40413
33	13.8	ND	Transcription factor nusA	S. solfataricus	AAK40563

Spots refer to those numbered in Figure 2. Proteins in Figure 2 which are not included in this table were not subjected to sequencing due to their low intensities in the gels.
^†Spot up-regulated in cells exposed to Cu and Cd.
ND: not determined.
Infinity symbol indicates that proteins were expressed only in presence of copper or cadmium.
M. thermoautotrophicus: Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicus; M. acetivorans: Methanosarcina acetivorans; S. shibatae: Sulfolobus shibatae; P. torridus: Picrophilus torridus; P. aerophilum: Pyrobaculum aerophilum; S. acidocaldarius: Sulfolobus acidocaldarius.