Pterygospinous Bar and Foramen in the Adult Human Skulls of North India: Its Incidence and Clinical Relevance

Table 3

Comparative table for incidence of ossified pterygospinous ligament.

S. number	Research worker	Year	Skulls studied	Total incidence	Incompletely ossified PS ligament in	Completely ossified PS bar in
1	Wood [5]	1931	Hawaiian	8%
2	Kapur et al. [7]	2000	Croats	18.36%	14.7%	3.6%
3	Peker et al. [8]	2002	Anatolian	5.5%	—	5.5%
4	Lüdinghausen et al. [10]	2006	German	6%	—	6%
5	Nayak et al. [11]	2007	Indian	9.61%	3.84%	5.76%
6	Antonopoulou et al. [12]	2008	Greek	14%	12%	2%
7	Shinde et al. [13]	2011	Indian	3.07%	3.07%	—
8	Agarwal et al. [14]	2012	Indian	9.7%	6.72%	2.98%
9	Present study	2013	Indian	10.2%	6.2%	4%