Histological Consequences of Needle-Nerve Contact following Nerve Stimulation in a Pig Model

Figure 1

Schematic illustration of the right porcine brachial plexus. *, visual reference (suture); dotted line, imaginary line starting from the visual reference; mc nerve, musculocutaneous nerve. Musculocutaneous, median, radial and caudal pectoral nerve were selected for needle placement with low (0.2 mA) or high (1.0 mA) threshold current on the corresponding imaginary line. For detailed description please refer to Steinfeldt and coworkers [6].