Lasting Developmental Effects of Neonatal Fentanyl Exposure in Preweanling Rats

Table 2

Later Outcomes.

Measures	Groups			P
	Fentanyl	Saline	Unoperated
Weight PND 21, mean (±SD), g	43 (±3)^*§	36 (±6)*	36 (±4)^§	*F versus S =.001;
				^§F versus Un <.001;
Eye opening score, PND 14, median (IQR)	2 (1-2)	1 (0–2)	0 (0–2)	NS
Open field, line crossing, mean (±SD)	68 (±23)	62 (±24)	48 (±27)	NS
Latency time wire, median (IQR), sec:
PND 18	127 (20–183)*	183 (183-183)*	183 (162–183)	*F versus S =0.035
PND 20	25 (15–98)	75 (12–183)	76 (9–183)	NS
Recognition index, mean (±SD)	0.8 (±0.3)*	0.6 ± (0.3)^*§	0.8 (±0.2)^§	*F versus S =0.045;
				^§Un versus S =0.025
Time (%) spent open arms, median (IQR)	18 (17–32)^*§	7 (3–17)*	10 (7–16)^§	*F versus S =0.034;
				^§F versus Un =0.045
Best latency time fall rod, mean (±SD), sec	173 (±24)^*§	123 (±73)*	128 (±24)^§	*F versus S =0.022;
				^§F versus Un =0.04

PND: postnatal day; IQR: interquartile range; P: significance for independent samples: NS: nonsignificant; F: Fentanyl; S: Saline; Un: Unoperated.