Insulin Facilitates the Recovery of Myocardial Contractility and Conduction during Cardiac Compression in Rabbits with Bupivacaine-Induced Cardiovascular Collapse

Figure 1

Sequential changes of ECG (upper) and ABP (lower) of the second rabbit of the control group (left column) and the fifth of the insulin group (right column), respectively. Lead II surface ECG was recorded at 25 mm/sec and 10 mm/mV. In the second rabbit of the control group, (a) during the baseline period, the values were; HR, 152 bpm, and QRS, 40 ms. (b) Bupivacaine injection caused sinus arrest and CVC. (c) At ROSC, CM stopped: HR, 205 bpm; QRS, 108 ms. (d) At ROSR: HR, 210 bpm; QRS, 82 ms. (e) At 30 min after CVC: HR, 212 bpm; QRS, 44 ms. In the fifth rabbit of the insulin group, (f) At baseline period: HR, 150 bpm; QRS, 48 ms. (g) Sinus arrest and CVC. (h) At ROSC, CM stopped: HR, 125 bpm; QRS, 200 ms. (i) At ROSR: HR, 225 bpm; QRS, 68 ms. (j) at 30 min after CVC: HR, 232 bpm; QRS, 48 ms. ECG: electrocardiogram; ABP: arterial blood pressure; bpm: beats per min; ms: millisecond; CVC: cardiovascular collapse; CM: cardiac massage; ROSC: return of spontaneous circulation; ROSR: return of sinus rhythm.