Table 2: Changes of arterial blood gas, serum electrolyte, and blood glucose concentration in the control and insulin groups.

GroupBaselineCVC5 min10 min15 min20 min25 min30 min

pHControl 7 . 4 7 ± 0 . 0 3 7 . 5 0 ± 0 . 0 8 7 . 4 0 ± 0 . 0 6 7 . 4 0 ± 0 . 0 7 7 . 3 7 ± 0 . 0 9 7 . 3 6 ± 0 . 1 0 7 . 3 5 ± 0 . 1 0 7 . 3 7 ± 0 . 0 8
Insulin 7 . 4 8 ± 0 . 0 7 7 . 5 1 ± 0 . 0 5 7 . 4 4 ± 0 . 0 6 7 . 4 5 ± 0 . 0 5 7 . 4 1 ± 0 . 0 5 7 . 4 1 ± 0 . 0 6 7 . 4 1 ± 0 . 0 6 7 . 4 2 ± 0 . 0 6

PaO2 (mmHg)Control 1 3 9 ± 1 6 1 7 3 ± 3 3 3 5 3 ± 1 1 7 3 3 0 ± 1 4 7 3 7 9 ± 1 2 0 3 7 0 ± 7 5 3 4 0 ± 8 7 3 3 3 ± 1 1 6
Insulin 1 3 7 ± 3 0 1 9 8 ± 9 8 3 5 1 ± 1 1 1 4 3 0 ± 6 6 399 ± 81 3 9 7 ± 6 5 4 0 1 ± 7 9 4 2 6 ± 1 0 3

PaCO2 (mmHg)Control 3 4 ± 4 2 4 ± 5 3 4 ± 3 3 5 ± 3 3 9 ± 8 4 2 ± 8 4 3 ± 9 4 2 ± 7
Insulin 3 4 ± 4 2 7 ± 4 2 9 ± 5 2 9 ± 5 3 7 ± 7 3 8 ± 6 3 8 ± 6 3 8 ± 6

Na+ (mEq/L)Control 1 4 3 ± 4 1 4 3 ± 5 1 4 5 ± 5 1 4 5 ± 6 1 4 6 ± 6 1 4 8 ± 6 1 4 7 ± 5 1 4 8 ± 5
Insulin 1 4 2 ± 3 1 4 2 ± 4 1 4 3 ± 3 1 4 4 ± 4 1 4 6 ± 4 1 4 6 ± 3 1 4 6 ± 3 147±4

K+ (mEq/L)Control 2 . 9 ± 0 . 4 2 . 7 ± 0 . 5 2 . 8 ± 0 . 5 2 . 9 ± 0 . 6 3 . 0 ± 0 . 4 3 . 0 ± 0 . 5 3 . 0 ± 0 . 5 2 . 8 ± 0 . 5
Insulin 3 . 0 ± 0 . 3 2 . 8 ± 0 . 4 2 . 8 ± 0 . 6 2 . 8 ± 0 . 6 2 . 8 ± 0 . 5 2 . 7 ± 0 . 4 2 . 8 ± 0 . 4 2 . 7 ± 0 . 3

Ca++ (mEq/L)Control 2 . 5 2 ± 0 . 2 1 1 . 9 8 ± 0 . 2 9 2 . 0 8 ± 0 . 3 8 2 . 1 1 ± 0 . 4 1 1 . 9 9 ± 0 . 4 2 2 . 0 3 ± 0 . 4 2 2 . 0 2 ± 0 . 3 5 2 . 0 8 ± 0 . 2 8
Insulin 2 . 7 9 ± 0 . 3 2 2 . 3 2 ± 0 . 2 1 2 . 2 8 ± 0 . 2 9 2 . 2 8 ± 0 . 2 9 2 . 3 6 ± 0 . 2 3 2 . 4 5 ± 0 . 2 4 2 . 4 6 ± 0 . 2 2 2 . 4 7 ± 0 . 1 8

Glucose (mg/dL)Control 2 5 6 ± 4 7 2 4 8 ± 5 0 2 6 1 ± 4 8 2 6 0 ± 6 3 2 4 2 ± 4 4 2 5 2 ± 7 1 2 5 5 ± 7 6 2 5 1 ± 7 4
Insulin 2 6 2 ± 5 6 2 4 5 ± 7 0 2 3 0 ± 8 4 2 2 8 ± 9 0 197±55 1 7 9 ± 5 3 1 6 7 ± 5 4 1 5 2 ± 5 6

Values are mean ± SD.
CVC: cardiovascular collapse.
* 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 versus control; 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 versus baseline.