The Effect of Prophylactic Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamic Disturbances to Double-Lumen Endotracheal Intubation: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial

Table 3

Mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and rate pressure product in dexmedetomidine and control groups at baseline, during and after intubation.

(a)  

Time	SBP (mmHg)			DBP (mmHg)			MAP (mmHg)
	Dex group; (𝑛=30)	Control group; (𝑛=30)	𝑃 value	Dex group; (𝑛=30)	Control group; (𝑛=30)	𝑃 value	Dex group; (𝑛=30)	Control group; (𝑛=30)	𝑃 value
Baseline	141.6±19.7	135.4±17.6	0.204	79.0±9.6	74.8±12.4	0.151	102±12.2	95.9±14.9	0.092
Before intubation	106.5±20.7^#	101.9±17.2^#	0.360	59.2±10.9^#	59.2±11.1^#	0.991	75.5±14.9^#	75.2±13.1^#	0.934
T0	122.8±31.3^#	149.4±37.3^#	0.004*	73.3±23.4	87.4±21.8^#	0.009*	91.9±28.1^#	111.2±29.6^#	0.012*
T1	137.2±36.1	153.4±31.3^#	0.068	80.7±19.3	88.9±18.5^#	0.099	101.3±26.6	114.4±26.1^#	0.058
T2	124.1±30.9^#	143.9±28.5^#	0.012*	70.9±15.3^#	82.2±14.9^#	0.005*	90.8±22.6^#	107.1±21.9^#	0.006*
T3	111.8±22.8^#	127.3±21.0^#	0.008*	63.9±12.5^#	74.2±11.4	0.002*	81.3±16.1^#	95.2±16.6	<0.001*
T4	104.4±22.8^#	116.0±16.6^#	0.013*	60.5±10.1^#	68.4±10.4^#	0.004*	76.5±14.0^#	86.9±12.6^#	0.002*
T5	102.7±23.0^#	111.3±16.5^#	0.017*	59.7±12.0^#	66.6±11.2^#	0.025*	75.3±17.0^#	84.1±12.8^#	0.008*
T6	99.2±17.6^#	109.1±16.7^#	0.028*	57.9±9.6^#	65.8±11.5^#	0.006*	72.5±12.8^#	82.4±13.7^#	0.005*
T7	97.2±13.2^#	107.1±16.4^#	0.012*	56.9±7.7^#	65.0±11.8^#	0.003*	71.4±10.4^#	81.1±13.9^#	0.003*
T8	97.7±12.9^#	109.4±17.0^#	0.003*	57.0±7.2^#	65.8±11.7^#	<0.001*	71.5±10.0^#	82.2±13.9^#	0.001*
T9	99.4±15.6^#	109.1±19.1^#	0.035*	57.9±9.7^#	66.6±12.9^#	0.005*	71.8±13.3^#	81.1±13.9^#	0.003*
T10	101.1±17.0^#	112.2±20.9^#	0.028*	58.8±9.8^#	67.9±13.5^#	0.004*	74.1±10.0^#	84.7±16.3^#	0.008*

(b)  

Time	HR (beat per minute)			RPP (mmHg min^−1)
	Dex group (𝑛=30)	Control group (𝑛=30)	𝑃 value	Dex group (𝑛=30)	Control group (𝑛=30)	𝑃 value
Baseline	78.4±17.1	81.2±16.7	0.529	11,094.1±502.3	10,9317±434.8	0.808
Before intubation	67.3±13.1^#	78.9±15.1	0.002*	7,174.6±2,050.3^#	8,034.5±2,001.2^#	0.106
T0	79.9±16.7	97.5±14.6^#	<0.001*	10,011.1±4,242.7	14,855.0±5,259.0^#	<0.001*
T1	83.3±13.4	96.8±13.7^#	<0.001*	11,612.6±4,342.8	15,246.7±4,372.6^#	0.003*
T2	77.8±13.1	93.1±14.5^#	0.001*	9,791.1±3,678.7^#	13,682.6±3,708.2^#	<0.001*
T3	75.8±13.2	89.8±15.5^#	<0.001*	8,561.6±2,758.6^#	11,571.8±2,940.7	<0.001*
T4	75.2±14.6	86.4±14.9^#	0.004*	7,963.7±2,751.3^#	10,091.2±2,253.7	0.002*
T5	74.3±15.4	85.6±15.5	0.007*	7,798.3±3,228.5^#	9,530.6±2,313.2^#	0.020*
T6	72.7±14.4^#	84.1±15.6	0.005*	7,291.7±2,353.6^#	9,232.4±2,290.3^#	0.002*
T7	72.6±14.1^#	83.4±16.0	0.007*	7,109.1±1,960.8^#	8,992.1±2,239.0^#	0.001*
T8	72.6±14.2^#	82.0±15.9	0.018*	7,131.9±1,865.2^#	8,979.1±2,207.4^#	<0.001*
T9	72.6±14.3^#	83.2±14.8	0.007*	7,260.9±2,005.5^#	9,195.8±2,449.2^#	0.001*
T10	72.6±14.1^#	82.3±14.5	0.011*	7,395.6±2,107.0^#	9,292.2±2,422.4^#	0.002*

Data are presented as mean ± SD. Dex group: dexmedetomidine group. SBP: systolic blood pressure. DBP: diastolic blood pressure. MAP: mean arterial pressure. HR: heart rate. RPP: rate pressure product. Baseline refers to the point of time before the study drug is administered. Before intubation refers to the point of time after anesthetic induction just before intubation. T0 is the period during intubation. T1–10 refer to minutes after intubation. *𝑃 value < 0.05 compared between groups. ^#𝑃 value < 0.05 compared to baseline values.