| | | Intervention group (deliberate practice) | Control group | value |
| | 11 | 10 | | | Months of anesthesia residency completed | 5.2 (3.8, 5, 0.25–10) | 8.5 (2, 10, 5–12) | 0.05 | | Age (yrs) | 28.5 (1.4, 28, 26–31) | 30.8 (3.8, 30, 26–37) | 0.22 | | Gender (% F) | 45% | 20% | 0.36 | | Self-reported number of spinals done before study | 6.1 (5, 4, 0–15) | 20.0 (16, 14, 3–50) | 0.02 | | Self-reported number of epidurals done before study | 9.8 (13, 2, 0–40) | 34.5 (16, 30, 15–60) | 0.002 | | Self-reported number of lumbar punctures done before study | 5.2 (3, 5, 2–12) | 6.5 (5, 7, 0–15) | 0.69 | | Have you practiced on spinal simulator before study (% yes) | 55% | 0% | 0.01 | How comfortable are you performing spinal anesthesia
(1 = not comfortable, 5 = very comfortable) | 2.8 (0.9, 3, 1–4) | 3.7 (0.82, 4, 2–5) | 0.04 |
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