Time Trends and Predictors of Abnormal Postoperative Body Temperature in Infants Transported to the Intensive Care Unit
Table 1
Univariate analysis: characteristics of the study population, stratified by postoperative temperature. Hypothermia: postoperative temperature < 36.0°C; hyperthermia: postoperative temperature > 37.5°C.
Hypothermia () Mean (SD1) or (%)
Normothermia () Mean (SD) or (%)
Hyperthermia () Mean (SD) or (%)
Age (days)
2350
76 (82.26)
95 (97.58)
74 (91.11)
<0.01
Weight (kg)
2206
3.79 (1.88)
4.27 (2.21)
3.59 (2.02)
<0.01
Anesthesia duration (min)
2350
171 (103.37)
189 (112.53)
219 (112.53)
<0.01
Preoperative temperature (°C)
1555
36.64 (0.46)
36.69 (0.54)
36.79 (0.50)
0.10
Highest intraop. temperature (°C)
2030
36.27 (1.17)
37.07 (0.95)
37.89 (0.82)
<0.01
Last intraop. temperature (°C)
1787
35.05 (1.57)
36.29 (1.42)
36.96 (1.69)
<0.01
Postoperative temperature (°C)
2350
35.43 (0.61)
36.65 (0.41)
38.01 (0.42)
<0.01
Male gender
2350
117 (54%)
1128 (59%)
128 (60%)
0.37
ASA3 4, 5
2350
95 (44%)
706 (37%)
91 (43%)
0.03
Emergent procedure
2350
42 (19%)
315 (16%)
47 (22%)
0.07
Premature birth (<37 weeks EGA4)
2218
110 (51%)
909 (47%)
110 (52%)
0.37
Postdate birth (>40 weeks EGA)
2218
2 (<1%)
14 (<1%)
2 (<1%)
0.91
Core temperature intraoperative monitoring5
2082
100 (46%)
1021 (53%)
146 (69%)
<0.01
Monitoring site
(i) Skin
73 (34%)
682 (35%)
58 (27%)
(ii) Axillary
0
2 (<1%)
0
(iii) Nasal
68 (32%)
655 (34%)
90 (43%)
(iv) Esophageal
30 (14%)
318 (17%)
50 (24%)
(v) Bladder/rectal
1 (<1%)
45 (2%)
6 (3%)
(vi) Oral/oropharyngeal
1 (<1%)
3 (<1%)
0
Use of convective warming
2350
123 (57%)
1533 (80%)
196 (93%)
<0.01
Case date since 2010
2350
88 (41%)
1409 (73%)
116 (55%)
<0.01
Procedural service
2347
<0.01
(i) General surgery
93 (43%)
870 (45%)
132 (62%)
(ii) ENT6
57 (26%)
361 (19%)
19 (9%)
(iii) Neurosurgery
22 (10%)
230 (12%)
31 (15%)
(iv) Other surgical service
39 (18%)
363 (19%)
22 (10%)
(v) Nonsurgical service
5 (2%)
94 (5%)
8 (4%)
SD: standard deviation. 2 values were calculated using Pearson chi-square test for categorical values and -test or Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables. 3ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification. 4EGA: estimated gestational age. 5Core temperature includes esophageal, oral, oropharyngeal, nasal, bladder, and rectal temperature monitoring sites. 6ENT: Ear-Nose-Throat surgery.
