Hypovolemic Status in Older Hip Fracture Patients Elucidated by Preoperative Transthoracic Echocardiography
Table 2
Echocardiographic findings of patients with hip fracture and those who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA).
Hip fracture (n = 167)
THA (n = 44)
P
End diastolic volume (ml)
68.3 (50.9–83.5)
79.9 (68.5–90.8)
<0.01
End systolic volume (ml)
21.9 (16.6–28.3)
25.2 (21.4–31.9)
<0.01
Ejection fraction (%)
67.0 (64.0–71.0)
67.5 (63.3–72.0)
0.898
Fractional shortening (%)
37.0 (34.0–40.0)
37.0 (34.0–41.0)
0.684
Stroke volume (ml)
45.6 (34.2–55.2)
50.9 (44.2–64.3)
<0.01
Stroke index (ml/m2)
33.7 (25.6–40.1)
36.6 (32.0–43.9)
<0.01
Heart rate (beats/min)
78.0 (70.0–86.0)
66.5 (61.3–77.5)
<0.01
Cardiac output (L/min)
3.51 (2.85–4.25)
3.48 (3.12–4.28)
0.273
Cardiac index (L/min/m2)
2.60 (2.03–3.11)
2.47 (2.18–2.91)
0.855
E/E′
14.2 (11.7–16.2) (n = 120)
11.6 (10.5–16.3) (n = 39)
0.092
Inferior vena cava diameter (mm)
12.4 (10.0–14.0) (n = 166)
12.5 (10.3–14.0)
0.714
E/E′ indicates the ratio of early mitral valve flow velocity (E) to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E′), and it correlates with left ventricular filling pressure and diastolic function. A septal E′ was used to determine E/E′ and the numbers of patients whose E/E′ could be measured are presented in each cell. Inferior vena cava diameter of one patient in the hip fracture group could not be measured.
