HIV Suppression among Patients on Treatment in Vietnam: A Review of HIV Viral Load Testing in a Public Urban Clinic in Ho Chi Minh City

Table 2

Characteristics of patients on ART >1 year according to result of VL testing, threshold VL 1000 copies/mL.

Characteristics	VL < 1000 (𝑁=175)	VL > 1000 (𝑁=53)	OR (95% CI)	𝑃 value
				Univariate	Multivariate
Gender: male (%)	153 (87)	40 (75)	0.44 (0.2–0.95)	—	—
Gender: female (%)	22 (13)	13 (25)	2.26 (1.05–4.88)	.043	.066
IDU (%)	133 (175)	42 (79)	1.2 (0.57–2.55)	.34	—
Prior ART exposure (%)	12 (7)	18 (34)	6.99 (3.09–15.8)	<.0001	<.0001
Adherence: “Good” (%)	132 (75)	37 (70)	0.75 (0.38–1.49)	.419	—
Adherence: “Poor” (%)	43 (25)	16 (30)	1.33 (0.67–2.62)	—	—
CD4 cell count, median (interquartile range) cells/uL
at time of registration to An Hoa OPC	59 (20–143)	50 (12–149)	—	—	—
at time of viral load testing	267 (171–374)	167 (78–260)	—	—	—
Documented immunologic failure (%)	19 (11)	18 (34)	4.2 (2.0–8.9)	<.0001	.0001
Documented clinical failure (%)	7 (4)	7 (13)	3.6 (1.2–10.9)	.024	—

IDU: injection drug use, ART: antiretroviral therapy.
OPC: outpatient center, VL: VIRAL load.