Monitoring Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Children in Resource-Limited Countries: A Tale of Two Epidemics

Table 2

Immunologic and virologic outcomes of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children in resource-limited countries.

Study	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	Average of all studies
Number of children	2928	67	151	29	107	212	285	274	67	250	78	—
Country [ref]*	Zambia [24]	India [57]	South Africa [25]	Kenya [54]	Thailand [55]	Cambodia [23]	Haiti [22]	Thailand [56]	Kenya [39]	Uganda [61]	Cote d’Ivoire [62]	—
Median age (years)	6.75	6.28	5.3	8.5	7.7	6	6.3	7	4.4	9.2	6.5	6.7
WHO clinical staging III or IV (%)	72.4	49.3	70.2	62.1	72	64.5	98	65	82	89	na	72.5
Median CD4 count at baseline (cells/mm^3)	284	225	na	182.3	72	100	608	na	288	272	na	253.9
CD4 gain at 6 months	280	478	na	203	226	na	na	na	210	na	na	279.4
CD4 gain at 12 months	351	516	na	334	332	490	na	na	na	na	na	404.6
CD4 gain at 18^¶ or 24 months	427^¶	493^¶	na	na	532	na	na	na	na	na	na	460^¶
Median CD4% at baseline	12.9	12	7.4	na	3	6	12	5	5.8	8.6	7.5	8.02
CD4% gain at 6 months	10.8	8	10.2	na	12	na	na	7	9.4	na	4.6	8.86
CD4% gain at 12 months	14.1	11	16.2	na	17	17	10.3	na	na	na	11.1	13.8
CD4% gain at 18^¶ or 24 months	15.1^¶	13^¶	na	na	21	na	na	18	na	na	16	19.5
Median viral load (VL) at baseline (Log)	na	na	na	5.11	5.4	na	5.3	na	6.1	5.3	5.37	5.43
Proportion with undetectable VL at 6 months (%)	na	na	84	~50	53	na	na	na	67	na	52.1	61.2
Proportion with undetectable VL at 12 months (%)	na	na	80.3	na	69	81	56	na	na	74	49.3	68.26
Proportion with undetectable VL at 18 months (%)	na	na	na	na	76	na	na	na	na	na	47.5	61.75
Frequency of CD4 determination (months)	6	3–6	6	3	6	6	6	na	3–6	3–6	6	—

*Reference to papers from which figures were extracted.
^¶Values available at 18 months.
na: not available.