Associations between HIV Antiretroviral Therapy and the Prevalence and Incidence of Pregnancy in Rakai, Uganda

Table 3

Incidence of pregnancy, unadjusted and adjusted incidence rate ratios among HIV+ women prior to ART initiation.

Characteristics	Number of women	Incident pregnancy/pyrs	Incidence/100 pyrs (95% CI)	IRR (95% CI)	Adjusted IRR (95% CI)
Overall	712	65/494.6	13.1 (10.14, 16.75)
CD4 at screening
251–350	130	9/72.4	12.4 (5.68, 23.60)	1.0	1.0
351+	582	56/422.1	13.2 (10.02, 17.23)	1.07 (0.57, 2.01)	0.95 (0.44, 2.05)
Age (years)
15–24	84	14/54.5	25.7 (14.0, 43.31)	1.0	1.0
25–34	389	44/268.4	16.4 (11.91, 22.00)	0.64 (0.36, 1.12)	0.73 (0.45, 1.19)
35–45	239	7/171.7	3.5 (1.28, 7.60)	0.16 (0.06, 0.40)	0.15 (0.07, 0.34)
Marital status
Never married	60	2/40.1	5.0 (0.60, 18.03)	1.0	1.0
Divorced/separated/widowed	310	20/217.2	9.2 (5.62, 14.22)	1.84 (0.45, 7.53)	3.83 (0.55, 26.77)
Currently married	342	43/237.2	18.1 (13.12, 24, 42)	3.62 (0.84, 15.74)	5.90 (0.87, 40.04)
Use of any medication to prevent pregnancy
Not taking any	485	57/325.8	17.5 (13.25, 22.67)	1.0	1.0
Taking some medications	227	8/168.8	4.7 (2.05, 9.34)	0.27 (0.10, 0.73)	0.22 (0.08, 0.61)
Breastfeeding
Not breastfeeding	572	49/397.9	12.3 (9.11, 16.28)	1.0	1.0
Yes breastfeeding	140	16/96.7	16.5(9.46, 26.87)	1.34 (0.95, 1.89)	0.43 (0.48, 1.06)
Parity (ever live-births)
Prime gravid	301	38/211.1	18.0 (12.74, 24.71)	1.0	1.0
1–3	134	8/93.1	8.4 (3.71, 16.93)	0.48 (0.27, 0.83)	0.43 (0.22, 0.86)
4+	267	18/184.5	9.8 (5.78, 15.42)	0.54 (0.30, 0.99)	0.73 (0.39, 1.36)
WHO stage at initial screening
I	249	20/174.5	11.5 (7.00, 17.70)	1.0
II	133	7/90.6	7.7 (3.11, 15.92)	0.67 (0.28, 1.62)
III/IV	35	1/22.5	4.4 (0.11, 24.76)	0.39 (0.06, 2.56)