Oral Health Status and Oromucosal Lesions in Patients Living with HIV/AIDS in India: A Comparative Study

Table 1

Sociodemographic data, oral hygiene practices, and adverse habits of HIV positive and negative individuals.

Factor	Categories	HIV positive; (%)	HIV negative; (%)	value
Age (years)^t	Mean ± SD	36.99 ± 9.24	39.62 ± 15.47	0.068
Gender^#	Male	76 (60.3%)	300 (56.4%)	0.484
	Female	50 (39.7%)	232 (43.6%)
Socioeconomic status^#	Upper class	0 (0%)	74 (13.9%)	<0.0001*
	Middle class	18 (14.3%)	280 (52.6%)
	Lower class	108 (85.7%)	178 (33.5%)
Oral hygiene practices^#	Toothbrush and paste	83 (65.9%)	450 (84.6%)	<0.0001*
	Toothbrush and powder	19 (15.1%)	37 (7%)
	Other methods (burnt tobacco, finger, ash, datun, etc.)	24 (19%)	45 (8.5%)
Adverse habits^#	Tobacco (smoking or smokeless form)	55 (43.7%)	227 (42.7%)	0.945
	Alcohol consumption	24 (19%)	98 (18.4%)
	No deleterious habits	47 (37.3%)	207 (38.9%)
Drug use^#	No drug consumption	26 (20.6%)	295 (55.5%)	<0.0001*
	<5 years	25 (19.8%)	84 (15.8%)
	5–10 years	13 (10.3%)	61 (11.5%)
	>10 years	62 (49.2%)	92 (17.3%)

value < 0.05 is statistically significant.
^t: independent sample test.
^#Chi-square test.