Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals

Table 3

Some drugs that are affected by host pharmacogenetics and the resultant effect.

Antiretroviral drug	Enzyme involved	Effect
Efavirenz	CYP2B6	Increase in efavirenz concentrations and increased risk of discontinuation [50–56]
Nevirapine	CYP2B6	Increase in nevirapine plasma concentrations and increase hypersensitivity adverse effect associated with nevirapine [57–60]
Atazanavir	UGT1A1	Hyperbilirubinemia (indirect plasma bilirubin increase) and jaundice [157–160]
Tenofovir	ABCC2, ABCC4	Renal function decline [161–163]
Abacavir	HLA-B5701	Hypersensitivity associated with abacavir [164–167]