Impulsivity, Sensation Seeking, and Risk-Taking Behaviors among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Heroin Dependent Persons

Table 3

Comparison of subscale scores in each test between current and former opiate addict HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants.

Item	HIV-positive group		HIV-negative group		value^♦
	Current addicts	Former addicts	Current addicts	Former addicts
Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS)
Thrill and adventure seeking	6.41 ± 2.99	6.97 ± 2.63	6.33 ± 2.18	6.33 ± 2.91	0.75
Experience seeking	4.93 ± 2.08	3.68 ± 1.51	3.27 ± 1.72	3.33 ± 2.33	0.004
Disinhibition	3.72 ± 1.85	3.32 ± 1.44	2.77 ± 1.99	3.13 ± 1.79	0.22
Boredom susceptibility	3.07 ± 1.79	2.35 ± 1.45	2.73 ± 1.23	2.23 ± 1.61	0.14
SSS total score	18.14 ± 6.31	16.32 ± 5.12	15.10 ± 4.59	15.03 ± 5.70	0.10
Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART)
Average Number of puffs in Successful Balloons	33.00 ± 13.57	35.93 ± 19.80	26.66 ± 14.78	23.70 ± 11.88	0.012
Number of Successful Balloons	17.63 ± 3.63	17.43 ± 4.40	22.21 ± 4.25	23.03 ± 3.77	<0.001
Average Number of puffs in Each Balloon	29.21 ± 10.12	31.43 ± 14.18	24.93 ± 12.82	22.40 ± 10.32	0.02
Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS)
Nonplanning impulsivity	29.83 ± 4.08	27.03 ± 3.70	27.23 ± 5.57	26.27 ± 4.38	0.018
Motor impulsivity	27.07 ± 4.58	23.84 ± 5.45	25.30 ± 6.30	23.83 ± 6.84	0.64
Cognitive impulsivity	20.59 ± 4.13	18.42 ± 4.19	17.07 ± 4.09	18.27 ± 5.68	0.033
BIS total score	75.41 ± 9.77	69.29 ± 10.77	69.60 ± 13.45	68.57 ± 14.79	0.13
Iowa Gambling Task (IGT)
Total duration of IGT (seconds)	268473.43 ± 104624.35	301947.19 ± 208890.0	333373.52 ± 185294.59	296714.35 ± 88304	0.58
Net amount of win (win − loss)	−13141.30 ± 10152.75	−12263.89 ± 12239.43	−14526.09 ± 12693.19	−13959.78 ± 16297	0.93
IGT total score	−3.48 ± 18.29	−1.78 ± 24.30	−5.57 ± 26.47	−5.74 ± 32.63	0.94

Data are represented as mean ± SD.
^♦One-way ANOVA.