Review Article
The Pathogenesis of Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis
Table 1
New developments on pathogenesis of nontraumatic osteonecrosis and its clinical significance.
| New findings | Clinical significance |
| Steroids enhance adipogenesis and inhibit osteogenesis and angiogenesis by marrow stem cells [53, 54, 56] | Therapeutic modulating marrow stem cell Statins have shown therapeutic effects [54, 56, 74] | Alcohol stimulate adipogenesis and inhibit osteogenesis by marrow stem cells [40, 65] | Therapeutic modulating marrow stem cell | Heritable hypofibrinolysis and thrombophilia [32, 34, 40, 50, 72] | Anticoagulation therapy is effective [75] | Genetic associations | | Mutations in the COL2A1 gene [30] | Familial high risk group | Polymorphisms in alcohol metabolizing enzyme gene [29] | High risk subgroup | Polymorphisms in the multidrug resistance gene 1 [73] | Screening high risk patients [73] |
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