EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing 
Volume 2003 (2003), Issue 13, Pages 1306-1316
doi:10.1155/S1110865703309060

VLSI Design of a Variable-Length FFT/IFFT Processor for OFDM-Based Communication Systems

Jen-Chih Kuo, Ching-Hua Wen, Chih-Hsiu Lin, and An-Yeu (Andy) Wu

Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan

Received 30 January 2003; Revised 10 July 2003

Abstract

The technique of {orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)} is famous for its robustness against frequency-selective fading channel. This technique has been widely used in many wired and wireless communication systems. In general, the {fast Fourier transform (FFT)} and {inverse FFT (IFFT)} operations are used as the modulation/demodulation kernel in the OFDM systems, and the sizes of FFT/IFFT operations are varied in different applications of OFDM systems. In this paper, we design and implement a variable-length prototype FFT/IFFT processor to cover different specifications of OFDM applications. The cached-memory FFT architecture is our suggested VLSI system architecture to design the prototype FFT/IFFT processor for the consideration of low-power consumption. We also implement the twiddle factor butterfly {processing element (PE)} based on the {{coordinate} rotation digital computer (CORDIC)} algorithm, which avoids the use of conventional multiplication-and-accumulation unit, but evaluates the trigonometric functions using only add-and-shift operations. Finally, we implement a variable-length prototype FFT/IFFT processor with TSMC 0.35μm 1P4M CMOS technology. The simulations results show that the chip can perform (64-2048)-point FFT/IFFT operations up to 80MHz operating frequency which can meet the speed requirement of most OFDM standards such as WLAN, ADSL, VDSL (2562K), DAB, and 2K-mode DVB.