Advances in Urology
Volume 2008 (2008), Article ID 518091, 7 pages
doi:10.1155/2008/518091
Research Article

Multifocal Renal Cell Carcinoma: Clinicopathologic Features and Outcomes for Tumors 4 cm

1Departments of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
2Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA

Received 27 February 2008; Accepted 20 March 2008

Academic Editor: José Rubio-Briones

Copyright © 2008 Paul L. Crispen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Linked References

  1. L. M. Hock, J. Lynch, and K. C. Balaji, “Increasing incidence of all stages of kidney cancer in the last 2 decades in the United States: an analysis of surveillance, epidemiology and end results program data,” Journal of Urology, vol. 167, no. 1, pp. 57–60, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  2. W.-H. Chow, S. S. Devesa, J. L. Warren, and J. F. Fraumeni, Jr., “Rising incidence of renal cell cancer in the United States,” Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 281, no. 17, pp. 1628–1631, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  3. A. Jemal, R. Siegel, E. Ward, T. Murray, J. Xu, and M. J. Thun, “Cancer statistics,” CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 43–66, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  4. D. S. Dimarco, C. M. Lohse, H. Zincke, J. C. Cheville, and M. L. Blute, “Long-term survival of patients with unilateral sporadic multifocal renal cell carcinoma according to histologic subtype compared with patients with solitary tumors after radical nephrectomy,” Urology, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 462–467, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  5. H. Lang, V. Lindner, M. Martin, et al., “Prognostic value of multifocality on progression and survival in localized renal cell carcinoma,” European Urology, vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 749–753, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  6. A. Karayiannis, I. Varkarakis, M. Chort, G. Alivizatos, and S. Fragiskos, “Multifocality of renal cell tumors is a factor to consider before performing a partial nephrectomy,” Anticancer Research, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 3103–3107, 2002.
  7. L. Richstone, D. S. Scherr, V. R. Reuter, et al., “Multifocal renal cortical tumors: frequency, associated clinicopathological features and impact on survival,” Journal of Urology, vol. 171, no. 2, part 1, pp. 615–620, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  8. A. Schlichter, R. Schubert, W. Werner, D.-H. Zermann, and J. Schubert, “How accurate is diagnostic imaging in determination of size and multifocality of renal cell carcinoma as a prerequisite for nephron-sparing surgery?,” Urologia Internationalis, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 192–197, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  9. H. Wunderlich, A. Schlichter, D.-H. Zermann, O. Reichelt, H. Kosmehl, and J. Schubert, “Multifocality in renal cell carcinoma: a bilateral event?,” Urologia Internationalis, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 160–163, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  10. C. P. Pavlovich, R. L. Grubb, III, K. Hurley, et al., “Evaluation and management of renal tumors in the Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome,” Journal of Urology, vol. 173, no. 5, pp. 1482–1486, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  11. E. R. Maher, J. R. W. Yates, R. Harries, et al., “Clinical features and natural history of von Hippel-Lindau disease,” Quarterly Journal of Medicine, vol. 77, no. 283, pp. 1151–1163, 1990.
  12. B. Zbar, K. Tory, M. Merino, et al., “Hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma,” Journal of Urology, vol. 151, no. 3, pp. 561–566, 1994.
  13. R. G. Uzzo and A. C. Novick, “Nephron sparing surgery for renal tumors: indications, techniques and outcomes,” Journal of Urology, vol. 166, no. 1, pp. 6–18, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  14. B. G. Duffey, P. L. Choyke, G. Glenn, et al., “The relationship between renal tumor size and metastases in patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease,” Journal of Urology, vol. 172, no. 1, pp. 63–65, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  15. S. Störkel, J. N. Eble, K. Adlakha, et al., “Classification of renal cell carcinoma: Workgroup No. 1. Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC),” Cancer, vol. 80, no. 5, pp. 987–989, 1997. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  16. A. Méjean, V. Hopirtean, J. P. Bazin, et al., “Prognostic factors for the survival of patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma: meaning of histological typing and multifocality,” Journal of Urology, vol. 170, no. 3, pp. 764–767, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  17. K. Junker, K. Thrum, A. Schlichter, G. Müller, W. Hindermann, and J. Schubert, “Clonal origin of multifocal renal cell carcinoma as determined by microsatellite analysis,” Journal of Urology, vol. 168, no. 6, pp. 2632–2636, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  18. S. Baltaci, D. Orhan, S. Soyupek, Y. Bedük, Ö. Tulunay, and O. Göğüş, “Influence of tumor stage, size, grade, vascular involvement, histological cell type and histological pattern on multifocality of renal cell carcinoma,” Journal of Urology, vol. 164, no. 1, pp. 36–39, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  19. B. A. Kletscher, J. Qian, D. G. Bostwick, P. E. Andrews, and H. Zincke, “Prospective analysis of multifocality in renal cell carcinoma: influence of histological pattern, grade, number, size, volume and deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy,” Journal of Urology, vol. 153, no. 3, pp. 904–906, 1995. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  20. H. Miyake, H. Nakamura, I. Hara, et al., “Multifocal renal cell carcinoma: evidence for a common clonal origin,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 4, no. 10, pp. 2491–2494, 1998.
  21. T. D. Jones, J. N. Eble, M. Wang, et al., “Molecular genetic evidence for the independent origin of multifocal papillary tumors in patients with papillary renal cell carcinomas,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 11, no. 20, pp. 7226–7233, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  22. A. H. Bani-Hani, B. C. Leibovich, C. M. Lohse, J. C. Cheville, H. Zincke, and M. L. Blute, “Associations with contralateral recurrence following nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma using a cohort of 2,352 patients,” Journal of Urology, vol. 173, no. 2, pp. 391–394, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  23. M. L. Blute, G. P. Thibault, B. C. Leibovich, J. C. Cheville, C. M. Lohse, and H. Zincke, “Multiple ipsilateral renal tumors discovered at planned nephron sparing surgery: importance of tumor histology and risk of metachronous recurrence,” Journal of Urology, vol. 170, no. 3, pp. 760–763, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  24. R. H. Thompson, S. A. Boorjian, C. M. Lohse, et al., “Radical nephrectomy for pT1a renal masses may be associated with decreased overall survival compared with partial nephrectomy,” Journal of Urology, vol. 179, no. 2, pp. 468–471, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  25. D. C. Miller, M. Schonlau, M. S. Litwin, J. Lai, and C. S. Saigal, “Renal and cardiovascular morbidity after partial or radical nephrectomy,” Cancer, vol. 112, no. 3, pp. 511–520, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  26. J. S. Magera, Jr., I. Frank, C. M. Lohse, B. C. Leibovich, J. C. Cheville, and M. L. Blute, “Analysis of repeat nephron sparing surgery as a treatment option in patients with a solid mass in a renal remnant,” Journal of Urology, vol. 179, no. 3, pp. 853–856, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
  27. G. Bratslavsky, J. J. Liu, A. D. Johnson, et al., “Salvage partial nephrectomy for hereditary renal cancer: feasibility and outcomes,” Journal of Urology, vol. 179, no. 1, pp. 67–70, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed