Open Partial Nephrectomy in Renal Cancer: A Feasible Gold Standard Technique in All Hospitals

Algorithm 1

Indications for partial nephrectomy.

(1) Absolute

      (i) Single kidney

     (ii) Bilateral renal tumor

    (iii) Severe renal failure

(2) Relative

      (i) Abnormal contralateral kidney (nephropathy,

      nephrolithiasis, trauma, etc.)

     (ii) Metabolic disease associated with renal failure

    (iii) Genetic syndrome with tumor multifocality

       (e.g., VHL syndrome)

(3) Elective

      (i) Tumor <4 cm in young and healthy patients

     (ii) Peripheral tumor

    (iii) Tumor >4 cm (limit at 7 cm?)