Study Study Level of Diagnosis Antidepressants— Control group Sample size Duratin of Main outcome Results design
evidence
dosage (age rang) study Measures Van Ophoven et al. 2004 [11 ] RCT II Interstitial cystitis Amitriptyline—25–100 mg/day placebo
(NA)4 months Change from baseline in the O’Leary-Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI) Mean reduction in symptom score of 8.4 for amitriptyline versus 3.5 for the placebo group (P < .005) Sator-Katzenschlager et al. 2005 [12 ] RCT II Chronic pelvic pain Amitriptyline—25–150 mg/day Gabapentin/Gabapentin + Amitriptyline
24 months Change from baseline in pain intensity Significant pain relief in all patients. Pain relief significantly better in patients receiving gabapentin either alone or in combination with amitriptyline than in patients on amitriptyline alone Van Ophoven and Hertle 2005 [13 ] Consecutive (prospective) case series IIIB Interstitial cystitis Amitriptyline—12.5–150 mg/day uncontrolled
(NA)mean:19 month sd:12.5 Change from baseline in the overall well-being (global response assessment questionnaire) Statistically significant improvement in symptoms compared to baseline Hanno et al. 1989 [14 ] NonConsecutive (prospective) case series IIIB Interstitial cystitis Amitriptyline—75 mg/day uncontrolled
(21–83)mean:16.4 months (4-40) Change from baseline in pain, daytime frequency, nocturia Statistically significant improvement in pain and daytime frequency compared to baseline. No significant improvement in nocturia Pranikoff and Constantino 1998 [15 ] Retrospective case series IV Chronic urinary frequency and pain Amitriptyline—25–100 mg/day uncontrolled
(21–76)3 months Change from baseline in symptoms Complete resolution of symptoms in 11 patients and some residual symptoms present in 6. Engel et al. 1998 [16 ] RCT II Chronic pelvic pain Sertraline—100 mg/day placebo
(19–45)14 weeks Change from baseline in the Composite Pain Intensity score No significant improvement in pain compared to placebo Lee et al. 2005 [17 ] RCT II Chronic pelvic pain Sertraline—50 mg/day placebo
(18–65)26 weeks Change from baseline in prostatic symptom frequency and severity scores No significant improvement in pain severity (P = .34) and a nonsignificant trend for improvement in pain frequency (P = .09) compared to placebo Walker et al. 1991 [18 ] Consecutive (prospective) case series IIIB Chronic pelvic pain Nortriptyline—100 mg/day uncontrolled
(NA)1 year Change from baseline in pain intensity Significant improvement in pain intensity compared to baseline (P < .05) Van Ophoven and Hertle 2007 [19 ] Consecutive (prospective) case series IIIB Interstitial cystitis Duloxetine—80 mg/day uncontrolled
(25–69)2 months Change from baseline in the overall well-being (global response assessment questionnaire) No significant improvement in symptoms compared to placebo Brown et al. 2008 [20 ] Consecutive (prospective) case series IIIB Chronic pelvic pain Citalopram— 20–60 mg/day uncontrolled
(18–50)3 months Change from baseline in pain quality and intensity No significant differences in the quality of pain. Trend towards improvement in pain intensity (P = .096)