Journal Menu
- About this Journal
- Abstracting and Indexing
- Aims and Scope
- Article Processing Charges
- Articles in Press
- Author Guidelines
- Bibliographic Information
- Citations to this Journal
- Contact Information
- Editorial Board
- Editorial Workflow
- Free eTOC Alerts
- Publication Ethics
- Reviewers Acknowledgment
- Submit a Manuscript
- Subscription Information
- Table of Contents
Advances in Urology
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 181987, 13 pages
doi:10.1155/2012/181987
Review Article
Bladder Cancer Immunotherapy: BCG and Beyond
Department of Urology, University of Iowa, 375 Newton Road, 3204 MERF, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Received 16 March 2012; Accepted 11 May 2012
Academic Editor: Trinity J. Bivalacqua
Copyright © 2012 Eric J. Askeland et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Linked References
- R. Siegel, D. Naishadham, and A. Jemal, “Cancer statistics, 2012,” CA Cancer Journal for Clinicians, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 10–29, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. Y. Ro, G. A. Staerkel, and A. G. Ayala, “Cytologic and histologic features of superficial bladder cancer,” Urologic Clinics of North America, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 435–453, 1992. View at Scopus
- T. J. Kemp, A. T. Ludwig, J. K. Earel et al., “Neutrophil stimulation with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) results in the release of functional soluble TRAIL/Apo-2L,” Blood, vol. 106, no. 10, pp. 3474–3482, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. Morales, D. Eidinger, and A. W. Bruce, “Intracavitary Bacillus Calmette Guerin in the treatment of superficial bladder tumors,” Journal of Urology, vol. 116, no. 2, pp. 180–183, 1976. View at Scopus
- M. C. Hall, S. S. Chang, G. Dalbagni et al., “Guideline for the management of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (stages Ta, T1, and Tis): 2007 update,” Journal of Urology, vol. 178, no. 6, pp. 2314–2330, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. L. Lamm, B. A. Blumenstein, E. D. Crawford et al., “A randomized trial of intravesical doxorubicin and immunotherapy with bacille Calmette-Guerin for transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder,” New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 325, no. 17, pp. 1205–1209, 1991. View at Scopus
- A. Morales, P. Ottenhof, and L. Emerson, “Treatment of residual, non-infiltrating bladder cancer with bacillus Calmette-Guerin,” Journal of Urology, vol. 125, no. 5, pp. 649–651, 1981. View at Scopus
- P. U. Malmström, H. Wijkström, C. Lundholm et al., “5-Year followup of a randomized prospective study comparing mitomycin C and bacillus Calmette-Guerin in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma,” Journal of Urology, vol. 161, no. 4, pp. 1124–1127, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. P. M. Van der Meijden, R. J. Sylvester, W. Oosterlinck, W. Hoeltl, and A. V. Bono, “Maintenance Bacillus Calmette-Guerin for Ta T1 bladder tumors is not associated with increased toxicity: results from a European organisation for research and treatment of cancer genito-urinary group phase III trial,” European Urology, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 429–434, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- L. R. Kavoussi, E. J. Brown, J. K. Ritchey, and T. L. Ratliff, “Fibronectin-mediated Calmette-Guerin bacillus attachment to murine bladder mucosa. Requirement for the expression of an antitumor response,” Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 62–67, 1990. View at Scopus
- T. C. M. Zuiverloon, A. J. M. Nieuweboer, H. Vékony, W. J. Kirkels, C. H. Bangma, and E. C. Zwarthoff, “Markers predicting response to bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy in high-risk bladder cancer patients: a systematic review,” European Urology, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 128–145, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Y. Luo, X. Chen, and M. A. O'Donnell, “Role of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in BCG-induced IFN-γ production: cytokine promotion and simulation of BCG effect,” Cytokine, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 17–26, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. Kaempfer, L. Gerez, H. Farbstein et al., “Prediction of response to treatment in superficial bladder carcinoma through pattern of interleukin-2 gene expression,” Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 1778–1786, 1996. View at Scopus
- G. N. Thalmann, A. Sermier, C. Rentsch, K. Möhrle, M. G. Cecchini, and U. E. Studer, “Urinary interleukin-8 and 18 predict the response of superficial bladder cancer to intravesical therapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin,” Journal of Urology, vol. 164, no. 6, pp. 2129–2133, 2000. View at Scopus
- F. Saint, J. J. Patard, P. Maille et al., “Prognostic value of a T helper 1 urinary cytokine response after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin treatment for superficial bladder cancer,” Journal of Urology, vol. 167, no. 1, pp. 364–367, 2002. View at Scopus
- T. M. De Reijke, E. C. De Boer, K. H. Kurth, and D. H. J. Schamhart, “Urinary cytokines during intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy for superficial bladder cancer: processing, stability and prognostic value,” Journal of Urology, vol. 155, no. 2, pp. 477–482, 1996. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. L. Lamm, B. A. Blumenstein, J. D. Crissman et al., “Maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy for recurrent Ta, T1 and carcinoma in situ transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a randomized Southwest Oncology Group study,” Journal of Urology, vol. 163, no. 4, pp. 1124–1129, 2000. View at Scopus
- E. Jonasch and F. G. Haluska, “Interferon in oncological practice: review of interferon biology, clinical applications, and toxicities,” Oncologist, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 34–55, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. M. Kamat and D. L. Lamm, “Immunotherapy for bladder cancer,” Current urology Reports, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 62–69, 2001. View at Scopus
- F. Belardelli, M. Ferrantini, E. Proietti, and J. M. Kirkwood, “Interferon-alpha in tumor immunity and immunotherapy,” Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 119–134, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. Papageorgiou, L. Lashinger, R. Millikan et al., “Role of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in interferon-induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells,” Cancer Research, vol. 64, no. 24, pp. 8973–8979, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. Tecchio, V. Huber, P. Scapini et al., “IFNα-stimulated neutrophils and monocytes release a soluble form of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL/Apo-2 ligand) displaying apoptotic activity on leukemic cells,” Blood, vol. 103, no. 10, pp. 3837–3844, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. Papageorgiou, C. P. N. Dinney, and D. J. McConkey, “Interferon-α induces TRAIL expression and cell death via an IRF-1-dependent mechanism in human bladder cancer cells,” Cancer Biology and Therapy, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 872–879, 2007. View at Scopus
- A. T. Ludwig, J. M. Moore, Y. Luo et al., “Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand: a novel mechanism for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-induced antitumor activity,” Cancer Research, vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 3386–3390, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. J. Droller and D. Gomolka, “Enhancement of natural cytotoxicity in lymphocytes from animals with carcinogen-induced bladder cancer,” Journal of Urology, vol. 129, no. 3, pp. 625–629, 1983. View at Scopus
- P. Parronchi, M. De Carli, R. Manetti et al., “IL-4 and IFN (α and γ) exert opposite regulatory effects on the development of cytolytic potential by Th1 or Th2 human T cell clones,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 149, no. 9, pp. 2977–2983, 1992. View at Scopus
- J. W. Slaton, P. Perrotte, K. Inoue, C. P. N. Dinney, and I. J. Fidler, “Interferon-α-mediated down-regulation of angiogenesis-related genes and therapy of bladder cancer are dependent on optimization of biological dose and schedule,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 2726–2734, 1999. View at Scopus
- A. Giannopoulos, I. Adamakis, K. Evangelou et al., “Interferon-a2b reduces neo-microvascular density in the 'normal' urothelium adjacent to the tumor after transurethral resection of superficial bladder carcinoma,” Onkologie, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 147–152, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. W. Glashan, “A randomized controlled study of intravesical α-2b-interferon in carcinoma in situ of the bladder,” Journal of Urology, vol. 144, no. 3, pp. 658–661, 1990. View at Scopus
- M. A. Hudson and T. L. Ratliff, “Failure of intravesical interferon-alfa-2b for the treatment of patients with superficial bladder cancer previously failing intravesical BCG Therapy,” Urologic Oncology, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 115–118, 1995. View at Scopus
- J. Portillo, B. Martin, R. Hernandez et al., “Results at 43 months' follow-up of a double-blind, randomized, prospective clinical trial using intravesical interferon alpha-2b in the prophylaxis of stage pT1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder,” Urology, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 187–190, 1997. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Y. H. Gan, Y. Zhang, H. E. Khoo, and K. Esuvaranathan, “Antitumour immunity of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin and interferon alpha in murine bladder cancer,” European Journal of Cancer, vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 1123–1129, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Y. Luo, X. Chen, T. M. Downs, W. C. DeWolf, and M. A. O'Donnell, “IFN-α 2B enhances Th1 cytokine responses in bladder cancer patients receiving Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 162, no. 4, pp. 2399–2405, 1999. View at Scopus
- P. Stricker, K. Pryor, T. Nicholson et al., “Bacillus Calmette-Guerin plus intravesical interferon alpha-2b in patients with superficial bladder cancer,” Urology, vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 957–962, 1996. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. A. O'Donnell, J. Krohn, and W. C. DeWolf, “Salvage intravesical therapy with interferon-α2B plus low dose bacillus Calmette-Guerin is effective in patients with superficial bladder cancer in whom bacillus Calmette-Guerin alone previously failed,” Journal of Urology, vol. 166, no. 4, pp. 1300–1304, 2001. View at Scopus
- J. S. Lam, M. C. Benson, M. A. O'Donnell et al., “Bacillus Calmete-Guérin plus interferon-α2B intravesical therapy maintains an extended treatment plan for superficial bladder cancer with minimal toxicity,” Urologic Oncology, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 354–360, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. P. Punnen, J. L. Chin, and M. A. Jewett, “Management of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) refractory superficial bladder cancer: results with intravesical BCG and Interferon combination therapy,” The Canadian Journal of Urology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1790–1795, 2003. View at Scopus
- F. N. Joudi, B. J. Smith, and M. A. O'Donnell, “Final results from a national multicenter phase II trial of combination bacillus Calmette-Guérin plus interferon α-2B for reducing recurrence of superficial bladder cancer,” Urologic Oncology, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 344–348, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. Bazarbashi, H. Soudy, M. Abdelsalam et al., “Co-administration of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin and interferon α-2B as first line in treating superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder,” British Journal of Urology International, vol. 108, no. 7, pp. 1115–1118, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- B. L. Gallagher, F. N. Joudi, J. L. Maymí, and M. A. O'Donnell, “Impact of previous Bacille Calmette-Guérin failure pattern on subsequent response to Bacille Calmette-Guérin plus interferon intravesical therapy,” Urology, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 297–301, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- K. G. Nepple, A. J. Lightfoot, H. M. Rosevear, M. A. O'Donnell, and D. L. Lamm, “Bacillus Calmette-Guréin with or without interferon α-2b and megadose versus recommended daily allowance vitamins during induction and maintenance intravesical treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer,” Journal of Urology, vol. 184, no. 5, pp. 1915–1919, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Y. Luo, X. Chen, R. Han, and M. A. O'Donnell, “Recombinant bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) expressing human interferon-alpha 2B demonstrates enhanced immunogenicity,” Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 264–270, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- W. Liu, M. A. O'Donnell, X. Chen, R. Han, and Y. Luo, “Recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) expressing interferon-alpha 2B enhances human mononuclear cell cytotoxicity against bladder cancer cell lines in vitro,” Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, vol. 58, no. 10, pp. 1647–1655, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- B. Louie, S. Rajamahanty, J. Won, M. Choudhury, and S. Konno, “Synergistic potentiation of interferon activity with maitake mushroom d-fraction on bladder cancer cells,” British Journal of Urology International, vol. 105, no. 7, pp. 1011–1015, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A.I. Fishman, B. Johnson, B. Alexander, J. Won, M. Choudhury, and S. Konno, “Additively enhanced antiproliferative effect of interferon combined with proanthocyanidin on bladder cancer cells,” Journal of Cancer, vol. 3, pp. 107–112, 2012.
- T. L. Nagabhushan, D. C. Maneval, W. F. Benedict et al., “Enhancement of intravesical delivery with Syn3 potentiates interferon-α2b gene therapy for superficial bladder cancer,” Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews, vol. 18, no. 5-6, pp. 389–394, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. Gillis and K. A. Smith, “Long term culture of tumour specific cytotoxic T cells,” Nature, vol. 268, no. 5616, pp. 154–156, 1977. View at Scopus
- G. Di Sabato, D. M. Chen, and J. W. Erickson, “Production by murine spleen cells of an activity stimulating the PHA responsiveness of thymus lymphocytes,” Cellular Immunology, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 495–504, 1975. View at Scopus
- D. M. Chen and G. Di Sabato, “Further studies on the thymocyte stimulating factor,” Cellular Immunology, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 211–224, 1976. View at Scopus
- S. B. Mizel and J. J. Farrar, “Revised nomenclature for antigen-nonspecific T-cell proliferation and helper factors,” Cellular Immunology, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 433–436, 1979. View at Scopus
- J. Shaw, V. Monticone, G. Mills, and V. Paetkau, “Effects of costimulator on immune responses in vitro,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 120, no. 6, pp. 1974–1980, 1978. View at Scopus
- I. Yron, T. A. Wood, P. J. Spiess, and S. A. Rosenberg, “In vitro growth of murine T cells. V. The isolation and growth of lymphoid cells infiltrating syngeneic solid tumors,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 125, no. 1, pp. 238–245, 1980. View at Scopus
- M. T. Lotze, E. A. Grimm, and A. Mazumder, “Lysis of fresh and cultured autologous tumor by human lymphocytes cultured in T-cell growth factor,” Cancer Research, vol. 41, no. 11 I, pp. 4420–4425, 1981. View at Scopus
- C. S. Henney, K. Kuribayashi, D. E. Kern, and S. Gillis, “Interleukin-2 augments natural killer cell activity,” Nature, vol. 291, no. 5813, pp. 335–338, 1981. View at Scopus
- M. Malkovsky, B. Loveland, and M. North, “Recombinant interleukin-2 directly augments the cytotoxicity of human monocytes,” Nature, vol. 325, no. 6101, pp. 262–265, 1987. View at Scopus
- T. A. Waldmann, C. K. Goldman, and R. J. Robb, “Expression of interleukin 2 receptors on activated human B cells,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 160, no. 5, pp. 1450–1466, 1984. View at Scopus
- T. R. Mosmann, H. Cherwinski, and M. W. Bond, “Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 136, no. 7, pp. 2348–2357, 1986. View at Scopus
- S. A. Rosenberg, M. T. Lotze, and L. M. Muul, “A progress report on the treatment of 157 patients with advanced cancer using lymphokine-activated killer cells and interleukin-2 or high-dose interleukin-2 alone,” New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 316, no. 15, pp. 889–897, 1987. View at Scopus
- D. E. Webb, H. A. Austin, A. Belldegrun, E. Vaughan, W. M. Linehan, and S. A. Rosenberg, “Metabolic and renal effects of interleukin-2 immunotherapy for metastatic cancer,” Clinical Nephrology, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 141–145, 1988. View at Scopus
- T. L. Ratliff, E. O. Haaff, and W. J. Catalona, “Interleukin-2 production during intravesical bacille Calmette-Guerin therapy for bladder cancer,” Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 375–379, 1986. View at Scopus
- E. O. Haaff, W. J. Catalona, and T. L. Ratliff, “Detection of interleukin 2 in the urine of patients with superficial bladder tumors after treatment with intravesical BCG,” Journal of Urology, vol. 136, no. 4, pp. 970–974, 1986. View at Scopus
- W. H. De Jong, E. C. De Boer, A. P. M. Van Der Meijden et al., “Presence of interleukin-2 in urine of superficial bladder cancer patients after intravesical treatment with bacillus Calmette-Guerin,” Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 182–186, 1990. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. Böhle, C. Nowe, A. J. Ulmer et al., “Detection of urinary TNF, IL 1, and IL 2 after local BCG immunotherapy for bladder carcinoma,” Cytokine, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 175–181, 1990. View at Scopus
- E. C. De Boer, W. H. De Jong, P. A. Steerenberg et al., “Leukocytes and cytokines in the urine of superficial bladder cancer patients after intravesical immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerine,” In Vivo, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 671–678, 1991. View at Scopus
- E. C. De Boer, W. H. De Jong, P. A. Steerenberg et al., “Induction of urinary interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor during intravesical immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin in superficial bladder cancer,” Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 306–312, 1992. View at Scopus
- D. Balbay, M. Bakkaloglu, H. Özen et al., “Detection of urinary interleukin-2, interleukin-2 receptor, and tumor necrosis factor levels in patients with superficial bladder tumors after intravesical BCG immunotherapy,” Urology, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 187–190, 1994. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- T. M. De Reijke, E. C. De Boer, K. H. Kurth, and D. H. J. Schamhart, “Urinary interleukin-2 monitoring during prolonged bacillus Calmette- Guerin treatment: can it predict the optimal number of instillations?” Journal of Urology, vol. 161, no. 1, pp. 67–71, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- K. Taniguchi, S. Koga, M. Nishikido et al., “Systemic immune response after intravesical instillation of bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for superficial bladder cancer,” Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol. 115, no. 1, pp. 131–135, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. Magno, D. Melloni, A. Galì et al., “The anti-tumor activity of bacillus Calmette-Guerin in bladder cancer is associated with an increase in the circulating level of interleukin-2,” Immunology Letters, vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 235–238, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- G. Pizza, G. Severini, and D. Menniti, “Tumour regression after intralesional injection of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in bladder cancer. Preliminary report,” International Journal of Cancer, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 359–367, 1984. View at Scopus
- K. E. Lee, G. H. Weiss, R. W. O'Donnell, and A. T. K. Cockett, “Reduction of bladder cancer growth in mice treated with intravesical Bacillus Calmette Guerin and systemic Interleukin 2,” Journal of Urology, vol. 137, no. 6, pp. 1270–1273, 1987. View at Scopus
- S. Ikemoto, M. Kamizuru, S. Wada, S. Nishio, T. Kishimoto, and M. Maekawa, “Combined effect of interleukin 2 and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in the therapy of mice with transitional cell carcinoma,” Urologia Internationalis, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 250–254, 1991. View at Scopus
- D. R. Riggs, W. F. Tarry, J. I. DeHaven, J. Sosnowski, and D. L. Lamm, “Immunotherapy of murine transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder using alpha and gamma interferon in combination with other forms of immunotherapy,” Journal of Urology, vol. 147, no. 1, pp. 212–214, 1992. View at Scopus
- A. Tubaro, F. Velotti, A. Stoppacciaro et al., “Continuous intra-arterial administration of recombinant interleukin-2 in low-stage bladder cancer: a phase IB study,” Cancer, vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 56–61, 1991. View at Scopus
- P. A. Merguerian, L. Donahue, and A. T. K. Cockett, “Intraluminal interleukin 2 and bacillus Calmette-Guerin for treatment of bladder cancer: a preliminary report,” Journal of Urology, vol. 137, no. 2, pp. 216–219, 1987. View at Scopus
- E. Huland and H. Huland, “Local continuous high dose interleukin 2: a new therapeutic model for the treatment of advanced bladder carcinoma,” Cancer Research, vol. 49, no. 19, pp. 5469–5474, 1989. View at Scopus
- A. T. K. Cockett, R. S. Davis, L. R. Cos, and L. L. Wheeless, “Bacillus calmette-guerin and interleukin-2 for treatment of superficial bladder cancer,” Journal of Urology, vol. 146, no. 3, pp. 766–770, 1991. View at Scopus
- L. G. Gomella, D. E. McGinnis, E. C. Lattime et al., “Treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder with intravesical interleukin-2: a pilot study,” Cancer Biotherapy, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 223–227, 1993. View at Scopus
- W. Den Otter, Z. Dobrowolski, A. Bugajski et al., “Intravesical interleukin-2 in T1 papillary bladder carcinoma: regression of marker lesion in 8 of 10 patients,” Journal of Urology, vol. 159, no. 4, pp. 1183–1186, 1998. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. A. O'Donnell, A. Aldovini, R. B. Duda et al., “Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG secreting functional interleukin-2 enhances gamma interferon production by splenocytes,” Infection and Immunity, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 2508–2514, 1994. View at Scopus
- P. J. Murray, A. Aldovini, and R. A. Young, “Manipulation and potentiation of antimycobacterial immunity using recombinant bacille Calmette-Guérin strains that secrete cytokines,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 93, no. 2, pp. 934–939, 1996. View at Scopus
- L. Slobbe, E. Lockhart, M. A. O'Donnell, C. Mackintosh, G. De Lisle, and G. Buchan, “An in vivo comparison of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and cytokine- secreting BCG vaccines,” Immunology, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 517–523, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. Yamada, S. Matsumoto, T. Matsumoto, T. Yamada, and U. Yamashita, “Murine IL-2 secreting recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guerin augments macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity against murine bladder cancer MBT-2,” Journal of Urology, vol. 164, no. 2, pp. 526–531, 2000. View at Scopus
- Y. Luo, X. Chen, A. Szilvasi, and M. A. O'Donnell, “Co-expression of interleukin-2 and green fluorescent protein reporter in mycobacteria: in vivo application for monitoring antimycobacterial immunity,” Molecular Immunology, vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 527–536, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. L. Young, M. A. O'Donnell, and G. S. Buchan, “IL-2-secreting recombinant bacillus Calmette Guerin can overcome a Type 2 immune response and corticosteroid-induced immunosupression to elicit a Type 1 immune response,” International Immunology, vol. 14, no. 7, pp. 793–800, 2002. View at Scopus
- Y. G. Li, Z. P. Wang, J. Q. Tian et al., “Dendritic cell transfected with secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine and/or interleukin-2 gene-enhanced cytotoxicity of t-lymphocyte in human bladder tumor cell s in vitro,” Cancer Investigation, vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 909–917, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. Huang, H. S. Yu, Z. Chen, J. L. Li, Z. M. Hu, and J. M. Gao, “A novel immunotherapy for superficial bladder cancer by the immobilization of streptavidin-tagged bioactive IL-2 on the biotinylated mucosal surface of the bladder wall,” Chinese Journal of Cancer, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 611–616, 2010. View at Scopus
- X. Zhang, X. Shi, J. Li et al., “Novel immunotherapy for metastatic bladder cancer using vaccine of human interleukin-2 surface-modified MB 49 cells,” Urology, vol. 78, no. 3, pp. 722.el–722.e6, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. L. Wong, D. E. Wilson, J. C. Jenson, P. C. Familletti, D. L. Stremlo, and M. K. Gately, “Characterization of a factor(s) which synergizes with recombinant interleukin 2 in promoting allogeneic human cytolytic T-lymphocyte responses in vitro,” Cellular Immunology, vol. 111, no. 1, pp. 39–54, 1988. View at Scopus
- M. Kobayashi, L. Fitz, M. Ryan et al., “Identification and purification of natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF), a cytokine with multiple biologic effects on human lymphocytes,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 170, no. 3, pp. 827–845, 1989. View at Scopus
- A. S. Stern, F. J. Podlaski, J. D. Hulmes et al., “Purification to homogeneity and partial characterization of cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor from human B-lymphoblastoid cells,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 87, no. 17, pp. 6808–6812, 1990. View at Scopus
- M. K. Gately, B. B. Desai, A. G. Wolitzky et al., “Regulation of human lymphocyte proliferation by a heterodimeric cytokine, IL-12 (cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor),” Journal of Immunology, vol. 147, no. 3, pp. 874–882, 1991. View at Scopus
- U. Gubler, A. O. Chua, D. S. Schoenhaut et al., “Coexpression of two distinct genes is required to generate secreted bioactive cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 88, no. 10, pp. 4143–4147, 1991. View at Scopus
- D. S. Schoenhaut, A. O. Chua, A. G. Wolitzky et al., “Cloning and expression of murine IL-12,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 148, no. 11, pp. 3433–3440, 1992. View at Scopus
- B. B. Desai, P. M. Quinn, A. G. Wolitzky, P. K. A. Mongini, R. Chizzonite, and M. K. Gately, “IL-12 receptor. II. Distribution and regulation of receptor expression,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 148, no. 10, pp. 3125–3132, 1992. View at Scopus
- R. Manetti, P. Parronchi, M. G. Giudizi et al., “Natural killer cell stimulatory factor (interleukin 12 [IL-12]) induces T helper type 1 (Th1)-specific immune responses and inhibits the development of IL-4-producing Th cells,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 177, no. 4, pp. 1199–1204, 1993. View at Scopus
- S. E. Macatonia, N. A. Hosken, M. Litton et al., “Dendritic cells produce IL-12 and direct the development of Th1 cells from naive CD4+ T cells,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 154, no. 10, pp. 5071–5079, 1995. View at Scopus
- M. K. Gately, A. G. Wolitzky, P. M. Quinn, and R. Chizzonite, “Regulation of human cytolytic lymphocyte responses by interleukin-12,” Cellular Immunology, vol. 143, no. 1, pp. 127–142, 1992. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- K. Collison, S. Saleh, R. Parhar et al., “Evidence for IL-12-activated Ca2+ and tyrosine signaling pathways in human neutrophils,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 161, no. 7, pp. 3737–3745, 1998. View at Scopus
- G. R. Yeaman, J. E. Collins, J. K. Currie, P. M. Guyre, C. R. Wira, and M. W. Fanger, “IFN-γ is produced by polymorphonuclear neutrophils in human uterine endometrium and by cultured peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 160, no. 10, pp. 5145–5153, 1998. View at Scopus
- E. E. Voest, B. M. Kenyon, M. S. O'Reilly, G. Truitt, R. J. D'Amato, and J. Folkman, “Inhibition of angiogenesis in vivo by interleukin 12,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 87, no. 8, pp. 581–586, 1995. View at Scopus
- S. Dias, R. Boyd, and F. Balkwill, “IL-12 regulates VEGF and MMPs in a murine breast cancer model,” International Journal of Cancer, vol. 78, no. 3, pp. 361–365, 1998. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. M. Coughlin, K. E. Salhany, M. S. Gee et al., “Tumor cell responses to IFNγ affect tumorigenicity and response to IL- 12 therapy and antiangiogenesis,” Immunity, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 25–34, 1998. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. M. Coughlin, K. E. Salhany, M. Wysocka et al., “Interleukin-12, and interleukin-18 synergistically induce murine tumor regression which involves inhibition of angiogenesis,” Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 101, no. 6, pp. 1441–1452, 1998. View at Scopus
- W. Hashimoto, T. Osaki, H. Okamura et al., “Differential antitumor effects of administration of recombinant IL-18 or recombinant IL-12 are mediated primarily by Fas-Fas ligand- and perforin- induced tumor apoptosis, respectively,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 163, no. 2, pp. 583–589, 1999. View at Scopus
- T. Kawamura, K. Takeda, S. K. Mendiratta et al., “Cutting edge: critical role of NK1 T cells in IL-12-induced immune responses in vivo,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 160, no. 1, pp. 16–19, 1998. View at Scopus
- M. J. Brunda, L. Luistro, R. R. Warrier et al., “Antitumor and antimetastatic activity of interleukin 12 against murine tumors,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 178, no. 4, pp. 1223–1230, 1993. View at Scopus
- C. L. Nastala, H. D. Edington, T. G. McKinney et al., “Recombinant IL-12 administration induces tumor regression in association with IFN-γ production,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 153, no. 4, pp. 1697–1706, 1994. View at Scopus
- B. A. Teicher, G. Ara, D. Buxton, J. Leonard, and R. G. Schaub, “Optimal scheduling of interleukin 12 and chemotherapy in the murine MB-49 bladder carcinoma and B16 melanoma,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 1661–1667, 1997. View at Scopus
- B. A. Teicher, G. Ara, D. Buxton, J. Leonard, and R. G. Schaub, “Optimal scheduling of interleukin-12 and fractionated radiation therapy in the murine lewis lung carcinoma,” Radiation Oncology Investigations, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 71–80, 1998. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. A. O'Donnell, Y. Luo, S. E. Hunter, X. Chen, L. L. Hayes, and S. K. Clinton, “Interleukin-12 immunotherapy of murine transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: dose dependent tumor eradication and generation of protective immunity,” Journal of Urology, vol. 171, no. 3, pp. 1330–1335, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. S. Zagozdzon, A. Giermasz, J. Golab, T. Stoklosa, A. Jalili, and M. Jakóbisiak, “The potentiated antileukemic effects of doxorubicin and interleukin-12 combination are not dependent on nitric oxide production,” Cancer Letters, vol. 147, no. 1-2, pp. 67–75, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. Zagozdzon, J. Golab, K. Mucha, B. Foroncewicz, and M. Jakobisiak, “Potentiation of antitumor effects of IL-12 in combination with paclitaxel in murine melanoma model in vivo,” International Journal of Molecular Medicine, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 645–648, 1999. View at Scopus
- J. Golab, R. Zagozdzon, K. Kozar et al., “Potentiatied anti-tumor effectiveness of combined therapy with interleukin-12 and mitoxantrone of L1210 leukemia in vivo,” Oncology Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 177–181, 2000. View at Scopus
- B. A. Teicher, G. Ara, K. Menon, and R. G. Schaub, “In vivo studies with interleukin-12 alone and in combination with monocyte colony-stimulating factor and/or fractionated radiation treatment,” International Journal of Cancer, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 80–84, 1996. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- F. H. L. Lieu, T. S. Hawley, A. Z. C. Fong, and R. G. Hawley, “Transmissibility of murine stem cell virus-based retroviral vectors carrying both interleukin-12 cDNAs and a third gene: implications for immune gene therapy,” Cancer Gene Therapy, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 167–175, 1997. View at Scopus
- J. L. Bramson, M. Hitt, C. L. Addison, W. J. Muller, J. Gauldie, and F. L. Graham, “Direct intratumoral injection of an adenovirus expressing interleukin-12 induces regression and long-lasting immunity that is associated with highly localized expression of interleukin-12,” Human Gene Therapy, vol. 7, no. 16, pp. 1995–2002, 1996. View at Scopus
- C. L. Addison, J. L. Bramson, M. M. Hitt, W. J. Muller, J. Gauldie, and F. L. Graham, “Intratumoral coinjection of adenoviral vectors expressing IL-2 and IL-12 results in enhanced frequency of regression of injected and untreated distal tumors,” Gene Therapy, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 1400–1409, 1998. View at Scopus
- J. B. Meko, J. H. Yim, K. Tsung, and J. A. Norton, “High cytokine production and effective antitumor activity of a recombinant vaccinia virus encoding murine interleukin 12,” Cancer Research, vol. 55, no. 21, pp. 4765–4770, 1995. View at Scopus
- L. Zitvogel, H. Tahara, Q. Cai et al., “Construction and characterization of retroviral vectors expressing biologically active human interleukin-12,” Human Gene Therapy, vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 1493–1506, 1994. View at Scopus
- M. A. O'Donnell, Y. Luo, X. Chen, A. Szilvasi, S. E. Hunter, and S. K. Clinton, “Role of IL-12 in the induction and potentiation of IFN-γ in response to bacillus Calmette-Guerin,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 163, no. 8, pp. 4246–4252, 1999. View at Scopus
- J. Riemensberger, A. Böhle, and S. Brandau, “IFN-gamma and IL-12 but not IL-10 are required for local tumour surveillance in a syngeneic model of orthotopic bladder cancer,” Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol. 127, no. 1, pp. 20–26, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. A. O'Donnell, Y. Luo, S. E. Hunter, X. Chen, L. L. Hayes, and S. K. Clinton, “The essential role of interferon-γ during interleukin-12 therapy for murine transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder,” Journal of Urology, vol. 171, no. 3, pp. 1336–1342, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. Horinaga, K. M. Harsch, R. Fukuyama, W. Heston, and W. Larchian, “Intravesical interleukin-12 gene therapy in an orthotopic bladder cancer model,” Urology, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 461–466, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. A. Zaharoff, B. S. Hoffman, H. B. Hooper et al., “Intravesical immunotherapy of superficial bladder cancer with chitosan/interleukin-12,” Cancer Research, vol. 69, no. 15, pp. 6192–6199, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. Cohen, “IL-12 deaths: explanation and a puzzle,” Science, vol. 270, no. 5238, p. 908, 1995. View at Scopus
- M. B. Atkins, M. J. Robertson, M. Gordon et al., “Phase I evaluation of intravenous recombinant human interleukin 12 in patients with advanced malignancies,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 409–417, 1997. View at Scopus
- M. J. Robertson, C. Cameron, M. B. Atkins et al., “Immunological effects of interleukin 12 administered by bolus intravenous injection to patients with cancer,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 9–16, 1999. View at Scopus
- J. A. Gollob, J. W. Mier, K. Veenstra et al., “Phase I trial of twice-weekly intravenous interleukin 12 in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer or malignant melanoma: ability to maintain IFN-γ induction is associated with clinical response,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 1678–1692, 2000. View at Scopus
- J. A. Hurteau, J. A. Blessing, S. L. DeCesare, and W. T. Creasman, “Evaluation of recombinant human interleukin-12 in patients with recurrent or refractory ovarian cancer: a gynecologic oncology group study,” Gynecologic Oncology, vol. 82, no. 1, pp. 7–10, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. J. Motzer, A. Rakhit, J. A. Thompson et al., “Randomized multicenter phase II trial of subcutaneous recombinant human interleukin-12 versus interferon-α2a for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma,” Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 257–263, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. Lenzi, M. Rosenblum, C. Verschraegen et al., “Phase I study of intraperitoneal recombinant human interleukin 12 in patients with Müllerian carcinoma, gastrointestinal primary malignancies, and mesothelioma,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 3686–3695, 2002. View at Scopus
- R. Lenzi, R. Edwards, C. June et al., “Phase II study of intraperitoneal recombinant interleukin-12 (rhIL-12) in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (residual disease < 1 cm) associated with ovarian cancer or primary peritoneal carcinoma,” Journal of Translational Medicine, vol. 5, article 66, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. Younes, B. Pro, M. J. Robertson et al., “Phase II clinical trial of interleukin-12 in patients with relapsed and refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 10, no. 16, pp. 5432–5438, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. A. Gollob, K. G. Veenstra, R. A. Parker et al., “Phase I trial of concurrent twice-weekly recombinant human interleukin-12 plus low-dose IL-2 in patients with melanoma or renal cell carcinoma,” Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 21, no. 13, pp. 2564–2573, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. F. Eisenbeis, G. B. Lesinski, M. Anghelina et al., “Phase I study of the sequential combination of interleukin-12 and iterferon afa-2b in advanced cancer: evidence for modulation of interferon signaling pathways by interleukin-12,” Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 23, no. 34, pp. 8835–8844, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- G. R. Weiss, M. A. O'Donnell, K. Loughlin, K. Zonno, R. J. Laliberte, and M. L. Sherman, “Phase 1 study of the intravesical administration of recombinant human interleukin-12 in patients with recurrent superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder,” Journal of Immunotherapy, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 343–348, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. Nadler, Y. Luo, W. Zhao et al., “Interleukin 10 induced augmentation of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) enhances Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) mediated antitumour activity,” Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol. 131, no. 2, pp. 206–216, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Y. Luo, R. Han, D. P. Evanoff, and X. Chen, “Interleukin-10 inhibits Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-induced macrophage cytotoxicity against bladder cancer cells,” Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol. 160, no. 3, pp. 359–368, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. F. Fiorentino, M. W. Bond, and T. R. Mosmann, “Two types of mouse T helper cell. IV. Th2 clones secrete a factor that inhibits cytokine production by Th1 clones,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 170, no. 6, pp. 2081–2095, 1989. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. F. Fiorentino, A. Zlotnik, P. Vieira et al., “IL-10 acts on the antigen-presenting cell to inhibit cytokine production by Th1 cells,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 146, no. 10, pp. 3444–3451, 1991. View at Scopus
- T. A. Ferguson, P. Dube, and T. S. Griffith, “Regulation of contact hypersensitivity by interleukin 10,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 179, no. 5, pp. 1597–1604, 1994. View at Scopus
- B. K. Halak, H. C. Maguire, and E. C. Lattime, “Tumor-induced interleukin-10 inhibits type 1 immune responses directed at a tumor antigen as well as a non-tumor antigen present at the tumor site,” Cancer Research, vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 911–917, 1999. View at Scopus
- E. C. Lattime, M. J. Mastrangelo, O. Bagasra, W. Li, and D. Berd, “Expression of cytokine mRNA in human melanoma tissues,” Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 151–156, 1995. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. Kruger-Krasagakes, K. Krasagakis, C. Garbe et al., “Expression of interleukin 10 in human melanoma,” British Journal of Cancer, vol. 70, no. 6, pp. 1182–1185, 1994. View at Scopus
- M. Huang, J. Wang, P. Lee et al., “Human non-small cell lung cancer cells express a type 2 cytokine pattern,” Cancer Research, vol. 55, no. 17, pp. 3847–3853, 1995. View at Scopus
- H. Nakagomi, P. Pisa, E. K. Pisa et al., “Lack of interleukin-2 (IL-2) expression and selective expression of IL-10 mRNA in human renal cell carcinoma,” International Journal of Cancer, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 366–371, 1995. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- T. R. Mosmann, J. H. Schumacher, D. F. Fiorentino, J. Leverah, K. W. Moore, and M. W. Bond, “Isolation of monoclonal antibodies specific for IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and a new Th2-specific cytokine (IL-10), cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor, by using a solid phase radioimmunoadsorbent assay,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 145, no. 9, pp. 2938–2945, 1990. View at Scopus
- A. O'Garra, G. Stapleton, V. Dhar et al., “Production of cytokines by mouse B cells: B lymphomas and normal B cells produce interleukin 10,” International Immunology, vol. 2, no. 9, pp. 821–832, 1990. View at Scopus
- R. De Waal Malefyt, J. Abrams, B. Bennett, C. G. Figdor, and J. E. De Vries, “Interleukin 10(IL-10) inhibits cytokine synthesis by human monocytes: an autoregulatory role of IL-10 produced by monocytes,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 174, no. 5, pp. 1209–1220, 1991. View at Scopus
- Z. Qin, G. Noffz, M. Mohaupt, and T. Blankenstein, “Interleukin-10 prevents dendritic cell accumulation and vaccination with Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Gene-Modified Tumor Cells,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 159, no. 2, pp. 770–776, 1997. View at Scopus
- G. Richter, S. Kruger-Krasagakes, G. Hein et al., “Interleukin 10 transfected into chinese hamster ovary cells prevents tumor growth and macrophage infiltration,” Cancer Research, vol. 53, no. 18, pp. 4134–4137, 1993. View at Scopus
- K. Steinbrink, M. Wölfl, H. Jonuleit, J. Knop, and A. H. Enk, “Induction of tolerance by IL-10-treated dendritic cells,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 159, no. 10, pp. 4772–4780, 1997. View at Scopus
- R. De Waal Malefyt, J. Haanen, H. Spits et al., “Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and viral IL-10 strongly reduce antigen-specific human T cell proliferation by diminishing the antigen-presenting capacity of monocytes via downregulation of class II major histocompatibility complex expression,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 174, no. 4, pp. 915–924, 1991. View at Scopus
- L. Ding, P. S. Linsley, L. Y. Huang, R. N. Germain, and E. M. Shevach, “IL-10 inhibits macrophage costimulatory activity by selectively inhibiting the up-regulation of B7 expression,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 151, no. 3, pp. 1224–1234, 1993. View at Scopus
- F. Willems, A. Marchant, J. P. Delville et al., “Interleukin-10 inhibits B7 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on human monocytes,” European Journal of Immunology, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 1007–1009, 1994. View at Scopus
- H. Groux, A. O'Garra, M. Bigler et al., “A CD4+ T-cell subset inhibits antigen-specific T-cell responses and prevents colitis,” Nature, vol. 389, no. 6652, pp. 737–742, 1997. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- E. Cenci, L. Romani, A. Mencacci et al., “Interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 inhibit nitric oxide-dependent macrophage killing of Candida albicans,” European Journal of Immunology, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 1034–1038, 1993. View at Scopus
- K. W. Moore, R. De Waal Malefyt, R. L. Coffman, and A. O'Garra, “Interleukin-10 and the interleukin-10 receptor,” Annual Review of Immunology, vol. 19, pp. 683–765, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- N. A. Bockholt, M. J. Knudson, J. R. Henning et al., “Anti-IL-10R1 monoclonal antibody enhances BCG-induced TH1 immune responses and antitumor immunity in a mouse orthotopic model of bladder cancer,” The Journal of Urology, vol. 187, pp. 2228–2235, 2012.