Copyright © 2012 N. Kadi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Linked References

1. G. D. Stewart and D. A. Tolley, “What are the oncological risks of minimal access surgery for the treatment of urinary tract cancer?” European Urology, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 415–420, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
2. G. Vitagliano, O. Castillo, J. M. Campero, I. Pinto, and M. DÌaz, “Laparoscopicretroperitoneal lymph node dissection for nonseminomatoustesticular cancer in stage T1 and T2,” Journal of Endourology, vol. 20, supplement 1, abstract MP 21-04, p. A235, 2006.
3. G. Vitagliano, O. Castillo, I. Pinto, M. DÌaz, and M. Contreras, “Complications in laparoscopic transperitoneal partial nephrectomy,” Journal of Endourology, vol. 20, supplement 1, abstract MP 2-15, p. A10, 2006.
4. O. A. Castillo, G. Vitagliano, M. Díaz, and R. Sánchez-Salas, “Port-site metastasis after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: case report and literature review,” Journal of Endourology, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 404–407, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
5. A. Rané, M. K. Eng, and F. X. Keeley, “Port site metastases,” Current Opinion in Urology, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 185–189, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
6. M. J. Curet, “Port site metastases,” American Journal of Surgery, vol. 187, no. 6, pp. 705–712, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
7. Z. Dobronte, T. Wittman, and G. Karacsony, “Rapid development of malignant metastases in the abdominal wall after laparoscopy,” Endoscopy, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 127–130, 1978. View at Scopus
8. S. Micali, A. Celia, P. Bove et al., “Tumor seeding in urological laparoscopy: an international survey,” Journal of Urology, vol. 171, no. 6 I, pp. 2151–2154, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
9. A. Tsivian and A. A. Sidi, “Port site metastases in urological laparoscopic surgery,” Journal of Urology, vol. 169, no. 4, pp. 1213–1218, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
10. J. Rassweiler, A. Tsivian, A. V. Ravi Kumar et al., “Oncological safety of laparoscopic surgery for urological malignancy: experience with more than 1,000 operations,” Journal of Urology, vol. 169, no. 6, pp. 2072–2075, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
11. P. Fornara, “Port site metastases: fact or fiction?” Urologe A, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 113–119, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
12. Y. W. Novitsky, D. E. M. Litwin, and M. P. Callery, “The net immunologic advantage of laparoscopic surgery,” Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 1411–1419, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
13. R. A. Highshaw, F. Vakar-Lopez, E. Jonasch, A. W. Yasko, and S. F. Matin, “Port-site metastasis: the influence of biology,” European Urology, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 357–360, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
14. M. W. Wichmann, T. P. Hüttl, H. Winter et al., “Immunological effects of laparoscopic vs open colorectal surgery. A prospective clinical study,” Archives of Surgery, vol. 140, no. 7, pp. 692–697, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
15. M. C. Ost, B. J. Tan, and B. R. Lee, “Urological laparoscopy: basic physiological considerations and immunological consequences,” Journal of Urology, vol. 174, no. 4 I, pp. 1183–1188, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
16. P. Sylla, I. Kirman, and R. L. Whelan, “Immunological advantages of advanced laparoscopy,” Surgical Clinics of North America, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
17. E. Kuhry, J. Jeekel, and H. J. Bonjer, “Effect of laparoscopy on the immune system,” Seminars in Laparoscopic Surgery, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 37–44, 2004. View at Scopus
18. S. Ikramuddin, J. Lucas, E. C. Ellison, W. J. Schirmer, and W. S. Melvin, “Detection of aerosolized cells during carbon dioxide laparoscopy,” Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 580–584, 1998. View at Scopus
19. C. Jingli, C. Rong, and X. Rubai, “Influence of colorectal laparoscopic surgery on dissemination and seeding of tumor cells,” Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 1759–1761, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
20. A. Tsivian, A. Shtabsky, J. Issakov, M. Gutman, A. A. Sidi, and A. Szold, “The effect of pneumoperitoneum on dissemination and scar implantation of intra-abdominal tumor cells,” Journal of Urology, vol. 164, no. 6, pp. 2096–2098, 2000. View at Scopus
21. J. M. Burns, B. D. Matthews, H. S. Pollinger et al., “Effect of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum and wound closure technique on port site tumor implantation in a rat model,” Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 441–447, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
22. V. J. Halpin, R. A. Underwood, D. Ye et al., “Pneumoperitoneum does not influence trocar site implantation during tumor manipulation in a solid tumor model,” Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 1636–1640, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
23. A. Gupta, D. I. Watson, T. Ellis, and G. G. Jamieson, “Tumour implantation following laparoscopy using different insufflation gases,” ANZ Journal of Surgery, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 254–257, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
24. D. Mutter, A. Hajri, V. Tassetti, C. Solis-Caxaj, M. Aprahamian, and J. Marescaux, “Increased tumor growth and spread after laparoscopy vs laparotomy: influence of tumor manipulation in a rat model,” Surgical Endoscopy, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 365–370, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
25. S. W. Lee, R. L. Whelan, J. C. Southall, and M. Bessler, “Abdominal wound tumor recurrence after open and laparoscopic-assisted splenectomy in a murine model,” Diseases of the Colon and Rectum, vol. 41, no. 7, pp. 824–831, 1998. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
26. S. W. Lee, N. R. Gleason, M. Bessler, and R. L. Whelan, “Port site tumor recurrence rates in a murine model of laparoscopic splenectomy decreased with increased experience,” Surgical Endoscopy, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 805–811, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
27. J. T. Bishoff, “Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy: morcellate or leave intact? Definitely morcellate!,” Reviews in Urology, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 34–37, 2002.
28. I. Varkarakis, K. Rha, F. Hernandez, L. R. Kavoussi, and T. W. Jarrett, “Laparoscopic specimen extraction: morcellation,” British Journal of Urology International, Supplement, vol. 95, no. 2, pp. 27–31, 2005. View at Scopus
29. M. V. Meng, T. R. Miller, I. Cha, and M. L. Stoller, “Cytology of morcellated renal specimens: significance in diagnosis and dissemination,” Journal of Urology, vol. 169, no. 1, pp. 45–48, 2003. View at Scopus
30. A. L. Shalhav, I. Leibovitch, R. Lev, D. M. Hoenig, and J. Ramon, “Is laparoscopic radical nephrectomy with specimen morcellation acceptable cancer surgery?” Journal of Endourology, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 255–257, 1998. View at Scopus
31. S. Kinugasa, E. Smith, P. A. Drew, D. I. Watson, and G. G. Jamieson, “Aspirin and indomethacin for the prevention of experimental port-site metastases,” Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 834–838, 2004. View at Scopus
32. P. Wittich, A. Mearadji, R. L. Marquet, and H. J. Bonjer, “Irrigation of port sites: prevention of port site metastases?” Journal of Laparoendoscopic and Advanced Surgical Techniques A, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 125–129, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
33. W. A. A. Tjalma, “Laparoscopic surgery and port-site metastases: routine measurements to reduce the risk,” European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology, vol. 24, no. 3-4, p. 236, 2003. View at Scopus
34. R. Steinert, H. Lippert, and M. A. Reymond, “Tumor cell dissemination during laparoscopy: prevention and therapeutic opportunities,” Digestive Surgery, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 464–472, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
35. A. Agostini, S. Mattei, I. Ronda, et al., “Prevention of port-site metastasis after laparoscopy,” Gynécologie, Obstétrique & Fertilité, vol. 30, pp. 878–881, 2002.
36. M. Pross, H. Lippert, G. Nestler et al., “Effect of low molecular weight heparin on intra-abdominal metastasis in a laparoscopic experimental study,” International Journal of Colorectal Disease, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 143–146, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
37. C. Schneider, A. Jung, M. A. Reymond et al., “Efficacy of surgical measures in preventing port-site recurrences in a porcine model,” Surgical Endoscopy, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 121–125, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
38. Y. T. Chen, S. S. D. Yang, C. H. Hsieh, and C. C. Wang, “Hand port-site metastasis of renal-cell carcinoma following hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy: case report,” Journal of Endourology, vol. 17, no. 9, pp. 771–773, 2003. View at Scopus