Do Routine Preoperative and Intraoperative Urine Cultures Benefit Pediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux Surgery?

Table 1

Patient demographics of all 185 patients found to have ureteral reimplantation between 2000 and 2014 and the corresponding 87 patients with complete electronic medical records.

Parameter	Total study population		Patients with complete EMR
	Female	Male	Female	Male
Number of participants (%)	157 (85%)	28 (15%)	77 (89%)	10 (11%)
Median age at surgery [Inner quartile range]	4.00 [–5]	3.00 [–5]	3.00 [1.5–5]	4.00 [1.75–6.25]
Laterality of VUR: N (%)
(i) Left	36 (19%)	8 (4.0%)	14 (18%)	4 (40%)
(ii) Right	24 (13%)	5 (3.0%)	6 (8%)	1 (10%)
(iii) Bilateral	94 (51%)	13 (7.0%)	56 (73%)	4 (40%)
(iv) Unknown	3 (2.0%)	2 (1.0%)	1 (1%)	1 (10%)
Severity of VUR: N (%)
(i) I	2 (1.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
(ii) II	33 (18%)	4 (2.0%)	12 (16%)	1 (10%)
(iii) III	66 (36%)	4 (2.0%)	31 (40%)	1 (10%)
(iv) IV	38 (21%)	8 (4.0%)	28 (36%)	4 (40%)
(v) V	3 (2.0%)	10 (5.0%)	1 (1%)	3 (30%)
(vi) Unknown	15 (8.0%)	2 (1.0%)	5 (7%)	1 (10%)
Collecting system: N (%)
(i) Single	130 (70%)	21 (11%)	60 (78%)	9 (90%)
(ii) Duplicate	25 (14%)	5 (3.0%)	16 (21%)	1 (10%)
(iii) Unknown	2 (1.0%)	2 (1.0%)	1 (1%)	0 (0%)
Patient presentation: N (%)
All patients
(i) UTI	129 (70%)	11 (6.0%)	69 (90%)	6 (60%)
(ii) Prenatal screening	7 (4.0%)	11 (6.0%)	4 (5%)	3 (30%)
(iii) Sibling screening	1 (0.5%)	2 (1.0%)	1 (1%)	0 (0%)
(iv) Unknown	20 (11%)	4 (2.0%)	3 (4%)	1 (10%)
Preoperative UCx patients
(i) UTI	31 (79%)	4 (10%)	31 (79%)	4 (10%)
(ii) Prenatal screening	1 (3.0%)	2 (5.0%)	1 (3.0%)	2 (5.0%)
(iii) Sibling screening	1 (3.0%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (3.0%)	0 (0.0%)
(iv) Unknown	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
Surgical technique
Cohen Cross-trigonal	97 (62%)	16 (57%)	56 (73%)	8 (80%)
Extravesical reimplant	52 (33%)	10 (36%)	16 (21%)	1 (10%)
Other	8 (5.0%)	2 (7.0%)	5 (6%)	1 (10%)