Review Article

Impact of Tat Genetic Variation on HIV-1 Disease

Table 1

List of all known Tat protein interactions and the nature of the functional activity compiled from PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) and HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/RefSeq/HIVInteractions/).

Human proteinType of activity with Tat

2-5-Oligoadenylate synthetase 2 isoform 1Interacts
2-5-Oligoadenylate synthetase 3Interacts
2,3-Cyclic nucleotide 3 phosphodiesteraseActivates
2,5-Oligoadenylate synthetase 1 isoform 2Interacts
8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase isoform 1aUpregulates
Actin, gamma 1 propeptideInduces rearrangement of
Activated RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor 4Binds
Adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 1, 2 beta-1, mu-1, and sigma-1Interacts
Adenosine A2a receptorInhibited by
Adenylate cyclase 2–9Inhibits
AFF4Involved in transcription
Albumin precursorInduces release
Alpha 1 actin precursorInduces rearrangement
Alpha 1 type-I collagen preproproteinInhibits
Alpha 2 actinInduces rearrangement
Alpha 2 type-I collagenInhibits
Alpha isoform of regulatory subunit A, B55, protein phosphatase 2Modulated by
Alpha-2-macroglobulin precursorInhibits
AMP-activated protein kinase gamma 2 subunit isoform aActivates
AMP-activated protein kinase, noncatalytic gamma-1 subunit isoform 1Activates
Amyloid beta A4 protein precursor, isoform aInhibits
Annexin A2 isoform 2Downregulates
Apolipoprotein E precursorInhibited by
ATP-binding cassette subfamily B, C member 1Upregulates
ATP-dependent DNA helicase IIInteracts
ATP-dependent DNA helicase II, 70 kDa subunitInteracts
Autoantigen LaInteracts
B-cell CLL/lymphoma 11B isoform 1Binds
B-cell lymphoma 6 proteinUpregulates
B-cell lymphoma protein 2 alpha isoformInteracts
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3Upregulates
BCL2-antagonist of cell death proteinInduces phosphorylation
BCL2-associated athanogene isoform 1LUpregulates
BCL2-associated X protein isoform betaInteracts
BCL2-like 1 isoform 1Upregulates
BCL2-like 11 isoform 6Interacts
Beta actinInduces rearrangement
Beta isoform of regulatory subunit A, B55 and B56, protein phosphatase 2 isoform aModulated by
Beta tubulin 1, class VIBinds
Beta-2-microglobulin precursorDownregulates
Bone-morphogenetic protein 1, 2 isoform 1, precursorUpregulates
Bone-morphogenetic protein receptor type-II precursorDownregulates
Brain adenylate cyclase 1Inhibits
Breast cancer antiestrogen resistance 1Induces phosphorylation
BTAF1 RNA polymerase II, B-TFIID transcription factor-associated, 170 kDaInteracts with
c-Src tyrosine kinaseActivates
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IDownregulates
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIA, IIB isoform 1Inhibits
cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform AActivates
cAMP-responsive element modulator isoform vActivates
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform 1Activates
cAMP-dependent protein kinase, regulatory subunit alpha 1 and beta 2Activates
cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase 4DActivates
Cardiac muscle alpha actin 1 proproteinInduces rearrangement
Caspase 3 preproproteinActivates
Caspase 8 isoform A precursorUpregulates
CC chemokine receptor 3Binds
CCAAT/enhancer binding proteinBinds
CCAAT/enhancer binding protein betaBinds
CD180 antigenDownregulates
CD28 antigenInteracts
CD3D antigen, delta polypeptide isoform A precursorInteracts
CD3E antigen, epsilon polypeptide (TiT3 complex)Interacts
CD3G gamma precursorInteracts
CD4 antigen precursorUpregulates
CD40 antigen isoform 1 precursorUpregulates
Cell division cycle 2 protein isoform 1Interacts
Cell division cycle 20 and 25C proteinDownregulates
Cell division cycle 37 proteinRegulated by
Cell division cycle 6 proteinInteracts
Chaperonin containing TCP1, subunit 4 (delta)Interacts
Chemokine (C motif) ligand 1, 3, 7Upregulates
Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 1Modulates
Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 isoform BBinds
Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 4Upregulated by
Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5Upregulates
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (stromal cell-derived factor 1) isoform betaInteracts
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3Inhibits
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 isoform bBinds
Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1Inhibited by
Chemokine C-C motif ligand 4 isoform 1 precursorUpregulates
Chromobox homolog 5 (HP1 alpha homolog, Drosophila)Inactivates
Class II transactivatorInhibits
Claudin 1Downregulates
Claudin 5Downregulates
Cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 3, 73 kDaUpregulates
Cofactor of BRCA1Associates with
Cofilin 1 (nonmuscle)Downregulates
Cofilin 2 (muscle)Downregulates
Collagen, type-III, alpha 1 preproproteinUpregulates
Colony-stimulating factor 2 precursorUpregulates
Complement component 1 inhibitor precursorUpregulates
Complement component 1, q subcomponent-binding protein precursorBinds
Core histone macro-H2A2.2Binds
CREB-binding protein isoform aBinds
CREB3: cAMP-responsive element binding protein 3 (luman)Inhibited by
CTD (carboxy-terminal domain, RNA polymerase II, polypeptide A) phosphatase, subunit 1 isoform FCP1aBinds
CXCL16Interacts
Cyclin A, A1, E1Interacts
Cyclin B1Upregulates
Cyclin C isoform aInteracts
Cyclin D1Downregulates
Cyclin D3Interacts
Cyclin HBinds
Cyclin T1Binds
Cyclin T2 isoform aBinds
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 isoform 1Enhances
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4Interacts
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5Downregulates
Cyclin-dependent kinase 7Binds
Cyclin-dependent kinase 8Interacts
Cyclin-dependent kinase 9Binds
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1AActivates
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1BInteracts
Cytochrome cInduces release of
Cytoplasmic nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 isoform 1Activates
Cytoplasmic nuclear factor of activated T cells 4Activates
Delta isoform of regulatory subunit B56, protein phosphatase 2A isoform 1Modulated by
Dicer1Interacts
Dipeptidyl peptidase IVInhibits
DiubiquitinUbiquitinated by
DNA-dependent protein kinaseModulates HIV gene expression
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II polypeptidesInteracts
DNA polymerase epsilon catalytic subunitInteracts
DNA-damage-inducible transcript 3Enhanced by
DNA-directed RNA polymerase III 39 kDa polypeptide FActivates
Dopamine transporterInhibits
Downregulator of transcription 1Inhibits
E1A-binding protein p300Complexes with
E2F transcription factor 1Inhibited by
E2F transcription factor 4Recruits
Early growth response 1, 2, 3Binds
Egr-1 in astrocytesTat-mediated toxicity in astrocytes
Elongation factor RNA polymerase IIInteracts
Elongin B isoform aInteracts
Endonuclease G precursorActivates
Endothelial differentiation-related factor 1 isoform alphaDownregulates
Endothelin 1Upregulates
Enolase 1Inhibits
EP300Binds
Epidermal growth factor (beta urogastrone)Interacts
Epsilon isoform of regulatory subunit B56, protein phosphatase 2AModulated by
Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1, 2Interacts
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2Interacts
Excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 2 proteinBinds
Excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 3Binds
Fas ligandInteracts
Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIIa, receptor for (CD16)Inhibits
Fibroblast growth factor 1 (acidic) isoform 1 precursorUpregulates
Fibronectin 1 isoform 3 preproproteinCompetes with
Fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor receptor) Binds
Furin preproproteinCleaved by
Galectin 3Upregulates
Gamma isoform of regulatory subunit B55, protein phosphatase 2 isoform aRegulated by
Gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase 2Modulates
GATA-binding protein 2Synergizes with
GCN5 general control of amino-acid synthesis 5-like 2Binds
Gelsolin isoform a precursorDownregulates
General transcription factor iib, e, f, and hInteracts
General transcription factor IIIC, polypeptide 1, alpha 220 kDaActivates
GLI-Kruppel family member GLI2Synergizes with
Glial fibrillary acidic proteinUpregulates
Glucocerebrosidase precursorInteracts
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform aActivates
Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl-D-aspartate 3A, 3BActivates
Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1Activates
Glutathione peroxidase 1 isoform 1, 4, 5, 6, 7Downregulates
Glutathione synthetaseModulates
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 betaActivates
Glycophorin A precursorDownregulates
Granulin precursorBinds
Grb2Binds through SH3 domains
Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform 1Recruits
Growth hormone 1 isoform 1Inhibited by
H2A histone family membersBinds
H2B histone family membersBinds
H3 histone family membersBinds
H4 histone family membersBinds
Heat shock 70 kDa proteinsRegulated by
Heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2Interacts
HeparanaseInteracts
Hexamethylene bis-acetamide inducible 1, 2Inhibited by
Histone 1, h2adBinds
Histone 2, H4Binds
Histone deacetylase 1Inhibited by
Histone h2aBinds
Histone H2ABinds
Histone H2BBinds
Histone H4Binds
HIV TAT specific factor 1Stimulated by
HIV-1 Tat interactive protein 2, 30 kDaStimulates
HIV-1 Tat interactive protein, 60 kDa isoform 1Binds
HMT1 hnRNP methyltransferase-like 6Methylated by
Human immunodeficiency virus type-I enhancer binding protein 1Enhanced by
Inhibitor of DNA-binding 1 isoform aUpregulates
Ini1/hSNF5Interacts
Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, type 1, 2, 3Interacts
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C)Inhibited by
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 precursorBinds
Integrin alpha 3 isoform a precursorActivates
Integrin alpha 5 precursorBinds
Integrin alpha L precursorInhibits
Integrin beta 1 isoform 1A precursorInteracts
Integrin beta 4 isoform 1 precursorInteracts
Integrin beta chain, beta 3 precursorInteracts
Integrin, beta 2 precursorInhibits
Integrin, beta 5Interacts
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 precursorInteracts
Interferon regulatory factor 1Binds
Interferon regulatory factor 7 isoform aUpregulates
Interferon-stimulated gene 20 kDaUpregulates
Interferon-induced protein 35Upregulates
Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3Upregulates
Interferon-induced, hepatitis C-associated microtubular aggregate proteinUpregulates
Interferon, alpha 1Interacts
Interferon, alpha-inducible protein (clone IFI-15 K)Upregulates
Interferon, alpha-inducible protein 27Upregulates
Interferon, beta 1, fibroblastInteracts
Interferon, gammaInhibited by
Interferon, gamma-inducible protein 16Upregulates
Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist isoform 2Upregulates
Interleukin 1 receptor, type I precursorUpregulates
Interleukin 1, alpha proproteinDownregulates
Interleukin 1, beta proproteinDownregulates
Interleukin 10 precursorInhibited by
Interleukin 12A precursorDownregulates
Interleukin 12B precursorDownregulates
Interleukin 13 precursorInduces release of
Interleukin 16 isoform 1 precursorInhibited by
Interleukin 19 isoform 1 precursorUpregulates
Interleukin 2 precursorDownregulates
Interleukin 2 receptor beta precursorDownregulates
Interleukin 2 receptor, alpha chain precursorUpregulates
Interleukin 20 precursorUpregulates
Interleukin 3 precursorUpregulates
Interleukin 4 isoform 1 precursorInteracts
Interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2)Activated by
Interleukin 6 receptor isoform 1 precursorUpregulates
Interleukin 7 precursorInhibits
Interleukin 7 receptor precursorInhibits
Interleukin 8 precursorDownregulates
Jun oncogeneBinds
Karyopherin beta 1Binds
Kinase insert domain receptor (a type-III receptor tyrosine kinase)Interacts with
Kinesin family member 2CDownregulates
Kruppel-like factor 9Enhanced by
Lactate dehydrogenase ADownregulates
Lactate dehydrogenase BDownregulates
Lamin A/C isoform 1 precursorBinds
Lamin B1Binds
Lamin B2Binds
Laminin alpha 5Upregulates
Laminin subunit beta 3 precursorUpregulates
Laminin, alpha 1 precursorUpregulates
Laminin, alpha 4 precursorUpregulates
Laminin, beta 1 precursorUpregulates
Laminin, beta 2 precursorUpregulates
Laminin, beta 4Upregulates
Laminin, gamma 1 precursorUpregulates
Laminin, gamma 2 isoform a precursorUpregulates
Laminin, gamma 3 precursorUpregulates
Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B precursorInhibits
Low-density lipoprotein-related protein 1Binds
LSD1/KDM1Modulates transcription
Lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase precursorActivates
Lymphotoxin alpha precursorUpregulates
MAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 6Downregulates
Major histocompatibility complex, class IDownregulates
Major histocompatibility complex, class IIDownregulates
Manganese superoxide dismutase isoform A precursorDownregulates
Mannose receptor C type-1 precursorDownregulates
Mannose receptor C type 2Downregulates
Matrix metalloproteinaseActivates
Menage a trois 1 (CAK assembly factor)Binds
MetallothioneinsUpregulates
Methyltransferase-like protein 1 isoform aDownregulates
Microtubule-associated deacetylase HDAC6Tat acetylation and transactivation
Mitogen-activated protein kinasesActivates
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3Inhibited by
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4Inhibited by
Mouse double minute 2 homolog isoform MDM2Regulated by
Myc protooncogene proteinUpregulates
MyoD family inhibitor domain containing isoform p40Binds
Myxovirus resistance protein 1Upregulates
Nasal embryonic LHRH factorAssociates with
Nerve growth factor, beta polypeptide precursorInhibits
Neutrophil cytosolic factor 1Interacts
Nitric oxide synthase 2A isoform 1Inhibits
Nitric oxide synthase 3 (endothelial cell)Upregulates
NMDA receptor 1 isoformsActivates
Notch 2 preproproteinInteracts
Nrf2 transcription factorFusion to Tat
Nuclear factor I/C isoform 1Synergizes with
Nuclear factor kappa-B, subunit 1Interacts
Nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytosolic component 1 isoform AActivates
Nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent 2 isoform BBinds
Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cellsActivates
Nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1Stimulates
Nuclear receptor coactivator 2Stimulates
Nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform aEnhanced by
Nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 1Interacts
Nuclease-sensitive element binding protein 1Binds
Nucleophosmin 1 isoform 1Binds
Nucleosome assembly protein 1Interacts
P-TEFbBinds
p21-activated kinase 1Interacts
p300/CBP-associated factorInteracts
p65Binds
Paired mesoderm homeobox 1 isoform pmx-1aDownregulates
Pancreas-enriched phospholipase CActivates
PaxillinInduces phosphorylation of
Phorbolin 1Upregulates
Phosphatase and tensin homologDownregulates
PhosphodiesterasesActivates
Phosphoinositide-3-kinasesInteracts with
Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C beta 1 isoform aActivates
Phospholipase C isoformsActivates
Plasma glutathione peroxidase 3 precursorDownregulates
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1Modulates
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoform Ib, alpha subunit (45kDa)Interacts
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1Regulates
Poly(A) polymerase alphaRegulates
Poly(A) polymerase beta (testis specific)Regulates
Poly(A) polymerase gammaRegulates
Polymerase (DNA directed), betaUpregulates
Polymerase (RNA) III (DNA directed) polypeptidesActivates
Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 2Interacts
Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 isoform aInteracts
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 1Binds
PRF1: perforin 1 (pore forming protein)Downregulates
Prion protein preproproteinUpregulates
PRKC, apoptosis, WT1, regulatorUpregulates
Programmed cell death 11Modulated by
Proliferating cell nuclear antigenInteracts
Promyelocytic leukemia protein isoform 1Regulated by
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 precursorUpregulates
Proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 6Interacts
Proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 4Interacts
Proteasome 26S ATPase subunitsInteracts
Proteasome 26S non-ATPase subunitsInteracts
Proteasome activator subunitsInteracts
Proteasome alpha subunitsInteracts
Proteasome beta subunitsInteracts
Proteasome inhibitor subunit 1 isoform 1Interacts
Protein kinase CActivates
Protein kinase DRegulated by
Protein kinase, camp dependentActivates
Protein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic polypeptideBinds
Protein phosphatase 1Through Cdk9 phosphorylation
Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 8 isoform alphaBinds
Protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunitsBinds
Protein phosphatase 2, catalytic subunitsModulated by
Protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunitsActivates
Protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 23Upregulates
Protooncogene tyrosine-protein kinase SRCActivates
PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 isoform aActivates
PTK2B protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta isoform aInduces phosphorylation
Purine-rich element-binding protein ABinds
RAD51 homolog protein isoform 1Interacts
RAN-binding protein 5Binds
Ras homolog gene family, member AActivates
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform Rac1Activates
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2Activates
RD RNA-binding proteinAssociates
RelBThrough inhibition of tnfα
Replication factor C2 (40 kDa) isoform 1Interacts
Replication factor C3 isoform 1Interacts
Replication factor C4Interacts
Replication factor C5 isoform 1Interacts
Replication factor C large subunitInteracts
Replication protein A1, 70 kDaInteracts
Reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog BInteracts
Retinoblastoma 1Inhibited by
Retinoblastoma-like 2 (p130)Binds
Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alphaDownregulates
Ribosomal protein L3 isoform aInteracts
RNA guanylyltransferase and 5-phosphataseBinds
RNA polymerase II, polypeptide HActivates
S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 isoform 1Enhanced by
Secretoglobin, family 2A, member 2Upregulates
Selectin E precursorUpregulates
Semaphorin 4DUpregulates
SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 1 isoform p52ShcInduces phosphorylation of
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 isoform alphaUpregulates
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform 2Activates
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6Interacts
Single-stranded DNA-binding protein 1Upregulates
Sirtuin 1Regulated by
SKI-interacting proteinAssociates
SKIPInteracts through c-Myc and Menin
Small GTPase protein E-RasActivates
Small inducible cytokine precursorsInhibits
Small inducible cytokine subfamily E, member 1Upregulates
Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptideStimulated by
Solute carrier family 22, member 1 isoform aRegulated by
Solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose cotransporter), member 1Inhibits
Solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3Downregulates
Sp1 transcription factorInteracts
SP110 nuclear body protein isoform aUpregulates
Sp3 transcription factor isoform 1Interacts
Sp4 transcription factorInteracts
Spermidine/spermine N1 acetyltransferaseUpregulates
Splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 1 isoform 1Inhibits
Splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 7Inhibits
Squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells 3Regulated by
SRB7 suppressor of RNA polymerase B homologInteracts
Src homology 2 domain containing transforming protein C3Induces phosphorylation
Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B, iron sulfur (Ip)Binds
Superoxide dismutase 1, solubleDownregulates
Superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular precursorDownregulates
Suppressor of Ty 4 homolog 1Activated by
Suppressor of Ty 5 homologStimulated by
SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, and actin-dependent regulator of chromatinBinds
Syndecan 1–4 precursorsBinds
T-box 21Upregulates
T-cell receptor zeta chain isoform 1 precursorInteracts
TAF12 RNA polymerase II, TATA box-binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 20 kDaInteracts
TAF9 RNA polymerase II isoform aInteracts
TAR DNA-binding proteinInhibited by
TAR RNA-binding protein 1Regulates
TAR RNA-binding protein 2 isoform aSynergizes
TAT-interactive protein, 72 kDaBinds
TATA box-binding proteinInteracts
TATA box-binding protein-associated factor 2FInteracts
TBP-1 interacting protein isoform 2Inhibited by
TBP-associated factorsInteracts
Telomerase reverse transcriptase isoform 1Downregulates
Testis-specific histone H2BBinds
TFIIA alpha, p55 isoform 1Stabilizes
TH1-like proteinAssociates
Thrombospondin 1 precursorBinds
Thyroid hormone receptor, alpha isoform 2Binds
Tight junction protein 2 (zona occludens 2) isoform 1Downregulates
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 precursorInteracts
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 precursorInteracts
TNF receptor-associated factor 4Inhibited by
Transcription elongation factor A (SII), 3Interacts
Transcription elongation factor A1 isoform 1Interacts
Transcription elongation factor A protein 2 isoform aInteracts
Transcription elongation regulator 1 isoform 1Associates with
Transcription factor 3Regulated by
Transcription factor 4 isoform bInhibits
Transcription factor 7-like 2 (T-cell specific, HMG-box)Regulated by
Transcription factor AP-4 (activating enhancer binding protein 4)Regulated by
Transcription factor CP2Inhibited by
Transforming growth factor, alphaUpregulates
Transforming growth factor, beta 1Inhibited by
Transforming growth factor, beta 2Upregulates
Transporter 1, ATP-binding cassette, subfamily BUpregulates
Transportin 1Binds
Tripartite motif-containing 22Inhibited by
TUBB4Q: tubulin, beta polypeptide 4, member QDownregulates
Tubulin alpha 6Binds
Tubulin, alpha 1Binds
Tubulin, alpha 1aBinds
Tubulin, alpha 2 isoform 1Binds
Tubulin, alpha 4Binds
Tubulin, alpha 8Binds
Tubulin, alpha, ubiquitousBinds
Tubulin, betaDownregulates
Tubulin, beta 2Binds
Tubulin, beta 2BDownregulates
Tubulin, beta 4Binds
Tubulin, beta 6Binds
Tubulin, beta 8Binds
Tubulin, beta, 2Binds
Tubulin, beta, 4Binds
Tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 10Inhibits
Tumor necrosis factor alphaInteracts
Tumor necrosis factor receptorsUpregulates
Tumor protein p53Binds
Tumor protein p73Binds
Tyrosine hydroxylase isoform bDownregulates
Ubiquitin B precursorUbiquitinated by
Ubiquitin CUbiquitinated by
Ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1Ubiquitinated by
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 1Ubiquitinated by
Upstream-binding protein 1 (LBP-1a)Inhibits
Urokinase plasminogen activator preproproteinUpregulates
V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2Activates
V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 isoform 1Activates
V-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homologInteracts
V-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog isofrom 1Activates
V-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homologInteracts
Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 isoform a precursorUpregulates
Vascular endothelial growth factor A isoform b precursorCooperates with
Vitronectin precursorCompetes with
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 2 proteinDownregulates
YY1 transcription factorInhibited by
Zinc finger and BTB domain containing 7ABinds