Extracellular Vesicles and Their Convergence with Viral Pathways

Figure 2

Heterogeneity of microvesicle function during virus infection. Microvesicles with diverse effects on virus spread are indicated by different colors. Microvesicles from infected cells can affect noninfected cells, enhancing infection, or killing incoming immune cells, or act to activate immune cells to viral antigens. Microvesicles from noninfected cells can either enhance or block virus release from the infected cell and modulate the immune response. Cell with dashed lines is undergoing cell death.