Adapted Lethality: What We Can Learn from Guinea Pig-Adapted Ebola Virus Infection Model

Table 1

Comparison of lethality, virus reproduction, and the time to adaptation (# of passages) in different adaptation series.

Adaptation series	8mc; [5]	K-5; [9]	GLA; [11]	GPA-P7; [8]	[6]	[7]	D-5; [9]	[10]
Original virus stock	Mayinga, ZEBOV	Mayinga, ZEBOV	Mayinga, ZEBOV	Mayinga, ZEBOV	Mayinga, ZEBOV	Mayinga, ZEBOV	Mayinga, ZEBOV	Mayinga, ZEBOV
Preadaptation history	Vero E6; cell line passages	NHPs + L68 cell line passages	NHPs + Vero cell line passages	Individual clone, obtained from infected Vero cells	Vero E6; cell line passages	—	—	—
Adaptation to	Guinea pig	Guinea pig	Guinea pig	Guinea pig	Guinea pig	Guinea pig	Mouse	Mouse
Adapted virus lethality	100%	100%	100%	100%	80%	100%	0%	100%
Number of passages to full lethality	8	5	3	7	7	4	5	9
Increase in virus titer (nonadapted nonlethal versus adapted lethal,  PFU/mL)	2.9/5.5; Liver	3.5/3.5; Plasma	0.0/4.2; Plasma; 1.62/4.2; Liver; 3.22/4.2; Peritoneal exudate	6.3/7.0	2.9/5.0	2.1/5.2; Plasma; 1.7/(4.8–6.4); In different tissues	9.5/11.7	4.2/7.8

Note: all virus titers in our adaptation series 8mc, K-5, GLA, GPA-P7, and D-5 were determined on day 6 p/i.