Study on Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Newcastle Disease in Smallholder Poultry Farms in Sodo Zuria District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Table 3

Summary of univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis of farm-level risk factors associated with NCD in Sodo Zuria district.

Variable	Category	AOR	Chi^2	P-value	CI (95%)
Presence of footbath	Yes	Ref.	2.969	0.085
	No	1.002			0.1595–1.77
Housing system	SS	Ref.	1.926	0.588
	ONS	1.044			0.395–2.758
	SWO	0.762			0.41–1.42
	PPH	1.952			0
Disinfection	Yes	Ref.	0.0	0.998
	No	0.65			0.358–1.185
Management system	Extensive		3.84	0.0001
	Semi-intensive	0.578			0.379–1.612
	Intensive	0.782			0.379–1.612
Safe disposal of the dead chicken	Yes		2.3854	0.496
	No	0.684			0.388–1.209

SS is simple shade, ONS is only nightshade, SWO is share with other animals, and PPH is proper poultry house.