Research Article
Study of Isothermal, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Parameters for Adsorption of Cadmium: An Overview of Linear and Nonlinear Approach and Error Analysis
Table 3
Error functions for optimization of equilibrium isotherms.
| Error functions | R2 | ERRSQ/RSS | ARE | EABS | Chi-square (χ2) |
| Linear approach | | | | | | Freundlich | 0.8092 | 0.0261 | −0.8917 | −1.9864 | 3.7154 | Langmuir | 0.9958 | 0.0060 | −1.2623 | −0.0054 | 0.0106 | Dubinin–Radushkevich | 0.0523 | 17.6722 | 26.6963 | 9.2320 | 4.9631 | Elovich | 0.9432 | 1.8130 | −196.878 | −3.9160 | 10.0831 | Temkin | 1 | 18.9131 | −0.0723 | −0.0055 | 0.6727 |
| Nonlinear approach | | | | | | Freundlich | 0.9476 | 69.1613 | −4.9554 | −1.4878 | 40.3303 | Langmuir | 0.9893 | 14.0441 | 1.0363 | 0.6722 | 0.5029 | Dubinin–Radushkevich | 0.9148 | 166.7881 | 10.4851 | 9.4789 | 11.7308 | Elovich | 0.8354 | 1.0911 | 0.7977 | 5.3805 | 0.5322 | Temkin | 0.8359 | 766.4798 | 38.3613 | 49.2605 | 65.3952 |
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