Bone Marrow Stem Cell Derived Paracrine Factors for Regenerative Medicine: Current Perspectives and Therapeutic Potential
Table 1
Detection of secreted factors from human mesenchymal cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Relative concentration between normoxic and hypoxic conditions are expressed from 1–5 with 1 being the lowest concentration and 5 being the highest [52].
Secreted factors
Normoxia
Hypoxia
Biological function
Activin A
3
2
Cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune response
Epiregulin
3
3
Remodeling
Endothelin
4
4
Cytoprotection, cell proliferation
Glypican-3
3
3
Cell proliferation
IGFBP-7
4
5
Cytoprotection, cell migration, and contractility
IL-15 alpha
2
1
Immune response
LRP-1
2
1
Cell migration
LRP-6
4
1
Cell migration
Osteoprotegrin
4
5
Bone development
sFRP-4
3
4
Development, apoptosis
Smad4
3
2
Vessel maturation, cell proliferation
Smad7
2
2
Vessel maturation, cell proliferation
Thrombospondin-1
3
5
Cell migration, apoptosis
TIMP-1
4
5
Cell migration, remodeling
TIMP-2
4
5
Cell migration, remodeling
VEGF
3
4
Cytoprotection, proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis
