Differential Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Expression in Disseminated Tumor Cells and Micrometastasis in Bone Marrow of Patients with Nonmetastatic and Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Theoretical Considerations and Clinical Implications—An Immunocytochemical Study

Table 4

Frequency of MMP-2 expression in CPCs, DTCs, and mM in patients with nonmetastatic disease.

No. of patients	Gleason 4	Gleason 5 + 6	Gleason 7	Gleason 8 + 9	𝑃 = (statistical test, log regression)
Total 100% (𝑛=185)	15.1% (28)	57.3% (106)	16.8% (31)	10.8% (20)
CPC positive; 62.7% (𝑛=116)	46.4% (13)	63.2% (67)	64.5% (20)	80.0% (16)	NS
MMP-2	100% (13)	100% (67)	100% (20)	100% (16)	NS
DTC positive; 62.5% (𝑛=115)	35.7% (10)	65.1% (69)	67.7% (21)	75.0% (15)
MMP-2	100% (10)	100% (69)	100% (21)	100% (15)	NS
mM positive; 71.4% (𝑛=132)	32.1% (9)	77.4% (82)	77.4% (22)	85% (17)
MMP-2	0%^a,b,c	14.6%^a,d (11)	20.8%^b (5)	41.1%^c,d (7)	a-a < 0.002; b-b < 0.002; c-c < 0.002; d-d < 0.002; Trend chi squared 𝑃=0.031

CPC: circulating prostate cell, DTC: disseminated tumor cell, mM: micrometastasis, and NS: not significant.