Research Article
Antimicrobial-Induced Cytopenia and Bone Marrow Hypocellularity in Patients with Cirrhosis
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of patients with CLD on antimicrobials compared with those not on antimicrobials (Total
).
| Parameter | Total () | Patients with CLD on antimicrobials () | Patients with CLD without antimicrobial therapy () | value |
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 46 ± 15 | 44 ± 18 | 49 ± 11 | 0.105 |
| Gender: male, (%) | 157 (80%) | 91 (79.1%) | 66 (81.5%) | 0.687 |
| Etiology of CLD: (%) | | | | | (i) Ethanol | 62 (31.6%) | 34 (29.6%) | 28 (34.6%) | 0.235 | (ii) NASH | 42 (21.4%) | 22 (19.1%) | 20 (24.7%) | (iii) Viral | 9 (4.6%) | 4 (3.5%) | 5 (6.2%) | (iv) Cryptogenic | 41 (20.9%) | 30 (26.1%) | 11 (3.6%) | (v) AIH | 5 (2.6%) | 4 (3.5%) | 1 (1.2%) | (vi) Vascular | 20 (10.2%) | 8 (7.0%) | 12 (14.8%) | (vii) NCPF | 7 (3.6%) | 5 (4.3%) | 2 (2.5%) | (viii) Others | 10 (5%) | 8 (7%) | 2 (2.5%) |
| Hb (g/dL) | 9.5 (7.6–11.3) | 8.8 (7.2–10.4) | 10.5 (8.6–12.1) | <0.001 |
| TLC (×109/L) | 5.0 (3.2–8.7) | 2.8 (2.5–5.6) | 5.0 (3.1–9.1) | 0.048 |
| Plt count (×109/L) | 86 (49–154) | 86 (43–135) | 90 (54–165) | 0.043 |
| MELD score | 11 (7.0–17.3) | 13 (6.5–20.7) | 12 (8.0–13.7) | 0.201 |
| Spleen size | 15.7 ± 4.3 | 15.3 ± 4.0 | 16.4 ± 4.5 | 0.075 |
| Procalcitonin | 1.5 (0.3–1.2) | 2.5 (1.3–2.7) | 0.5 (0.3–0.5) | 0.011 |
| C-reactive protein | 20.8 (7.9–37.1) | 17.6 (7.5–29.3) | 4.3 (3.9–10.9) | 0.035 |
| Ferritin | 179 (76–592) | 336 (79–691) | 245 (70–544) | 0.401 |
| TNF-a () | 18.4 (17.3–29.4) | 19.6 (17.5–32.9) | 10.2 (8.2–29.4) | 0.143 |
| Antimicrobials used: (%) | | | | | (i) Cephalosporin | 86 (44%) | 86 (74.7%) | - | - | (ii) Carbapenem | 40 (20.4%) | 40 (34.8%) | (iii) Beta lactams | 25 (12.8%) | 25 (21.7%) | (iv) Quinolones | 13 (6.6%) | 13 (11.3%) | (v) Antifungals | 19 (9.7%) | 19 (16.5%) |
| Bone marrow impression: (%) | | | | | (i) Reactive | 168 (85.7%) | 89 (77.4%) | 79 (97.5%) | <0.001 | (ii) Hypocellular | 25 (12.8%) | 25 (21.7%) | 0 | (iii) Inadequate (diluted marrow) | 3 (1.5%) | 1 (8.7%) | 2 (2.5%) |
| Outcome: (%) | | | | | (i) Discharged | 169 (86.2%) | 99 (86.1%) | 70 (86.4%) | 0.081 | (ii) Dead | 13 (6.6%) | 15 (13.9%) | 2 (2.5%) | 0.093 | (iii) LAMA | 14 (7.1%) | 1 (8.7%) | 13 (16%) | |
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