Targeting Gonadotropins: An Alternative Option for Alzheimer Disease Treatment

Casadesus, Gemma; Puig, Emma Ramiro; Webber, Kate M.; Atwood, Craig S.; Escuer, Margarida Castell; Bowen, Richard L.; Perry, George; Smith, Mark A.

doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/JBB/2006/39508

BioMed Research International

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Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapies

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Review Article | Open Access

Volume 2006 | Article ID 039508 | https://doi.org/10.1155/JBB/2006/39508

Targeting Gonadotropins: An Alternative Option for Alzheimer Disease Treatment

Gemma Casadesus,¹Emma Ramiro Puig,²Kate M. Webber,¹Craig S. Atwood,³Margarida Castell Escuer,²Richard L. Bowen,⁴George Perry,¹and Mark A. Smith¹

Received05 Jan 2006

Revised10 May 2006

Accepted28 Jun 2006

Published28 Aug 2006

Abstract

Recent evidence indicates that, alongside oxidative stress, dysregulation of the cell cycle in neurons susceptible to degeneration in Alzheimer disease may play a crucial role in the initiation of the disease. As such, the role of reproductive hormones, which are closely associated with the cell cycle both during development and after birth, may be of key import. While estrogen has been the primary focus, the protective effects of hormone replacement therapy on cognition and dementia only during a crucial period led us to expand the study of hormonal influences to other members of the hypothalamic pituitary axis. Specifically, in this review, we focus on luteinizing hormone, which is not only increased in the sera of patients with Alzheimer disease but, like estrogen, is modulated by hormone replacement therapy and also influences cognitive behavior and pathogenic processing in animal models of the disease. Targeting gonadotropins may be a useful treatment strategy for disease targeting multiple pleiotropic downstream consequences.

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Copyright © 2006 Gemma Casadesus et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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