Searching for MIND: MicroRNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Figure 1

APP  or  BACE1  upregulation  might  lead  to  𝐴𝛽  overproduction  in  Alzheimer’s  Disease. The picture shows molecular pathways modulating APP and BACE1 expression and amyloidogenic processing of APP by BACE1 and the 𝛾-secretase complex leading to 𝐴𝛽 production. Reduction of miRNA/RISC posttranscriptional regulation of APP and/or BACE1 mRNA induces the increase of the relative proteins, which drive to 𝐴𝛽 accumulation. Changes of miRNA expression might trigger molecular events inducing AD pathology or generate a feed-forward mechanism during AD progression (as suggested for miR-298 and miR-328).